Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
96 Han characters · 59 distinct forms · 12 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
秦四世有勝，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
諰諰然常恐天下之一合而軋己也，Read the relationship between clauses ↗非其逐之鳴條之時也；Keep different negatives apart ↗Watch recurrence: 之 × 12 也 × 9 世 × 3 而 × 3 此 × 3 所 × 3. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
Make this passage yours.
Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
莊子 · 駢拇第八謂仁義之也，臧於其德而已矣；吾所謂臧者，非所謂仁義之謂也，任其性命之情而已矣；
韓非子 · 姦劫弒臣第十四所謂仁義何以明之？夫施與貧困者，此世之所謂仁義；哀憐百姓不忍誅罰者，此世之所謂惠愛也。
韓非子 · 五蠹第四十九之所以亂是故服事者簡其業，而游學者日眾，是世之所以亂也。
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
Select a character to find its other occurrences in these texts.
Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_015.txt, lines 628–640. XUN 15:3:3, Beida p.243; Knoblock 2:229
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: cc20a24cee5f07ab28fc56f2e3864ee1fc8ea5578f2e2afabba9fdadec23f8ed. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.