Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
49 Han characters · 39 distinct forms · 10 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
故以桀詐桀，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 5 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
Watch recurrence: 以 × 4 桀 × 3 若 × 3 故 × 2 詐 × 2 焉 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
Make this passage yours.
Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
荀子 · 富國篇第十三軍同力將辟田野，實倉廩，便備用，上下一心，三軍同力，
荀子 · 富國篇第十三軍同力是，則近者競親，遠方致願，上下一心，三軍同力；名聲足以暴炙之，威強足以捶笞之，拱揖指麾，而強暴之國莫不趨使，譬之是猶烏獲與焦僥搏
荀子 · 彊國篇第十六三軍同力上下一心，三軍同力，是以百事成而功名大也。今子發獨不然，反先王之道，亂楚國之法，墮興功之臣，恥受賞之屬
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_015.txt, lines 80–90. XUN 15:1b:4, Beida p.231; Knoblock 2:220
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: cc20a24cee5f07ab28fc56f2e3864ee1fc8ea5578f2e2afabba9fdadec23f8ed. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.