Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
39 Han characters · 31 distinct forms · 6 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
古有萬國，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
故明主有私人以金石珠玉，Identify means, basis, and purpose ↗無私人以官職事業者，Name the one, thing, or situation ↗Watch recurrence: 有 × 3 是 × 2 無 × 2 故 × 2 私 × 2 人 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
荀子 · 非相篇第五金石珠玉故贈人以言，重於金石珠玉；觀人以言，美於黼黻文章；聽人以言，樂於鍾鼓琴瑟。故君子之於言無厭。鄙夫反是，好其實
荀子 · 富國篇第十古有萬國古有萬國，今有十數焉。是無它故焉，其所以失之一也。君人者亦可以覺矣。
荀子 · 王霸篇第十一官職事業地，其等位爵服足以容天下之賢士矣，其官職事業足以容天下之能士矣，
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_012.txt, lines 712–717. XUN 12:9:5, Beida p.204; Knoblock 2:187f
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: be6fcf714d0723141ff2412c41cdd7c0edf69ad8488eff7e1113eb59b385cdc6. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.