Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
64 Han characters · 43 distinct forms · 10 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
合符節、別契券者，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
合符節、別契券者，Name the one, thing, or situation ↗則臣下百吏誕詐之人乘是而後欺。Follow a condition and its consequence ↗則臣下百吏誕詐之人乘是而後欺。Read the relationship between clauses ↗Watch recurrence: 者 × 3 所 × 3 以 × 3 為 × 3 也 × 3 上 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
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3 · Explain, then revisit
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
荀子 · 君道篇第十二乘是而後上好傾覆，則臣下百吏乘是而後險。斗、斛、敦、概者，所以為嘖也；上好貪利，則臣下百吏乘是而後豐取刻與以無度取於民。
荀子 · 王霸篇第十一則臣下百如是，則臣下百姓莫不以詐心待其上矣。上詐其下，下詐其上，則是上下析也，
荀子 · 君道篇第十二則臣下百如是，則臣下百吏至于庶人莫不脩己而後敢安正，誠能而後敢受職；百姓易俗，小人變心，姦怪之屬莫不反愨。
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_012.txt, lines 73–83. XUN 12:2:1, Beida p.191; Knoblock 2:176f
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: be6fcf714d0723141ff2412c41cdd7c0edf69ad8488eff7e1113eb59b385cdc6. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.