Book of Odes · Mao witness · 國風豳風第十五
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無衣無褐，何以卒歲？
Without garments or coarse clothing, how can we get through the year?
zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes · Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed · CC BY-SA 4.0A route through this passage
48 Han characters · 39 distinct forms · 11 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
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- Test one unit.
七月流火，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 4 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
Watch recurrence: 之 × 4 日 × 4 月 × 2 衣 × 2 無 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · 1 contextual editorial excerpt also available. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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The means by which the year could be endured without clothing.
zimai editorial draft · not independently reviewed. Applies to 無衣無褐，何以卒歲？
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Each connection states its purpose. Comparisons are editorial learning aids; shared wording alone does not prove influence.
Shared construction何以 and 有以 ask and supply meansThe poem asks by what means people can get through the year without clothes. Sunzi advises relying on having means to meet an adversary. Putting the forms together helps readers distinguish interrogative 何以 from the affirmative capacity expressed by 有以.
Shared constructionThe same question structure in prose and verseBoth excerpts place 何 before 以. One asks for the basis of social grouping, while the other asks how to endure material hardship. A grammatical connection can be precise even when the subject matter and genre differ greatly.
Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
詩經 · 七月九月授衣七月流火，九月授衣。春日載陽，有鳴倉庚。女執懿筐，遵彼微行，爰求柔桑。春日遲遲，采蘩祁祁。女心傷悲，殆
詩經 · 七月七月流火七月流火，八月萑葦。蠶月條桑，取彼斧斨，以伐遠揚，猗彼女桑。七月鳴鶪，八月載績，載玄載黃，我
詩經 · 甫田饁彼南畝曾孫來止！以其婦子，饁彼南畝，田畯至喜。攘其左右，嘗其旨否。禾易長畝，終善且有。曾孫不怒，農夫克敏。
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Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
論語 · Keep different negatives apart未之有也論語 · Locate the unknown其斯之謂與論語 · Keep different negatives apart不患人之不己知論語 · Locate the unknown不敬，何以別乎Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 詩經 · Book of Odes · Mao witness
- Attribution
- Anonymous poems transmitted in the Mao tradition, with received prefaces and ancillary prose; individual attribution is uncertain.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR1c0001 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR1c0001_015.txt, lines 24–34.
- Version
9d36bf3a055b7aba01597f0c0581838ef56dc497- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 0843682bf16a0941999e0cc0c842ce9551f5c66230eae8cd93e9a3bbc256df53. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.