{"id":"shijing-015-0002","work":"shijing","chapter":"shijing-015","chapterTitle":"國風豳風第十五","chapterNumber":15,"ordinal":2,"text":"七月流火，九月授衣。一之日觱發，二之日栗烈。無衣無褐，何以卒歲？三之日于耜，四之日舉趾。同我婦子，饁彼南畝，田畯至喜。","sectionTitle":"七月","sectionNumber":154,"layerMethod":"Conservative structural labels from visible title and chapter-count formulas; not a critical classification of every line.","lines":["七月流火，","九月授衣。","一之日觱發，","二之日栗烈。","無衣無褐，","何以卒歲？","三之日于耜，","四之日舉趾。","同我婦子，","饁彼南畝，","田畯至喜。"],"layer":"verse-or-text","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1c0001","commit":"9d36bf3a055b7aba01597f0c0581838ef56dc497","file":"KR1c0001_015.txt","lineStart":24,"lineEnd":34,"fileSha256":"0843682bf16a0941999e0cc0c842ce9551f5c66230eae8cd93e9a3bbc256df53","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":[],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1c0001/blob/9d36bf3a055b7aba01597f0c0581838ef56dc497/KR1c0001_015.txt#L24-L34","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1c0001/KR1c0001_015.txt","author":"Anonymous poems transmitted in the Mao tradition, with received prefaces and ancillary prose; individual attribution is uncertain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/shijing-015-0002/","notes":[{"id":"r141","passage":"shijing-015-0002","quote":"無衣無褐，何以卒歲？","focus":"何以","start":22,"end":32,"focusStart":27,"topics":["fronting","question","negation"],"translation":"Without garments or coarse clothing, how can we get through the year?","note":"何 is placed before 以 in a question about means. The repeated 無 names material lack, and the surrounding seasonal labor supplies the practical setting. 卒 is the predicate complete or get through here, not the noun soldier familiar from military texts.","question":"What does the question ask the reader to supply?","answer":"The means by which the year could be endured without clothing.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"shijing-015-0001","next":"shijing-015-0003","nearby":[{"id":"shijing-015-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"《七月》、陳王業也。周公遭變，故陳后稷先公風化之所由，致王業之艱難也。","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"七月流火，九月授衣。一之日觱發，二之日栗烈。無衣無褐，何以卒歲？三之日于耜，四之日舉趾。同我婦子，饁彼南畝，田畯至喜。","annotated":true},{"id":"shijing-015-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"七月流火，九月授衣。春日載陽，有鳴倉庚。女執懿筐，遵彼微行，爰求柔桑。春日遲遲，采蘩祁祁。女心傷悲，殆及公子同歸！","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"七月流火，八月萑葦。蠶月條桑，取彼斧斨，以伐遠揚，猗彼女桑。七月鳴鶪，八月載績，載玄載黃，我朱孔陽，為公子裳。","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"四月秀葽，五月鳴蜩。八月其穫，十月隕蘀。一之日于貉，取彼狐貍，為公子裘。二之日其同，載纘武功。言私其豵，獻豜于公。","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"五月斯螽動股，六月莎雞振羽。七月在野，八月在宇，九月在戶，十月蟋蟀入我床下。穹窒熏鼠，塞向墐戶。嗟我婦子，曰為改歲，入此室處！","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"六月食鬱及薁，七月亨葵及菽。八月剝棗；十月穫稻，為此春酒，以介眉壽！七月食瓜，八月斷壺，九月叔苴，采荼薪樗，食我農夫！","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"九月築場圃，十月納禾稼：黍稷重穋，禾麻菽麥。嗟我農夫！我稼既同，上入執宮功。晝爾于茅，宵爾索綯。亟其乘屋，其始播百穀！","annotated":false},{"id":"shijing-015-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"二之日鑿冰沖沖，三之日納于凌陰。四之日其蚤，獻羔祭韭。九月肅霜，十月滌場。朋酒斯饗，曰殺羔羊。躋彼公堂，稱彼兕觥，萬壽無疆！《七月》八章，章十一句。","annotated":false}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0002","workTitle":"論語","text":"未之有也","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0017","workTitle":"論語","text":"其斯之謂與","reason":"Locate the unknown"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0018","workTitle":"論語","text":"不患人之不己知","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-002-0008","workTitle":"論語","text":"不敬，何以別乎","reason":"Locate the unknown"}],"knowledge":[],"connections":[{"id":"means-to-endure-means-to-prepare","title":"何以 and 有以 ask and supply means","label":"Shared construction","reason":"The poem asks by what means people can get through the year without clothes. Sunzi advises relying on having means to meet an adversary. Putting the forms together helps readers distinguish interrogative 何以 from the affirmative capacity expressed by 有以."},{"id":"fronted-interrogatives-across-genres","title":"The same question structure in prose and verse","label":"Shared construction","reason":"Both excerpts place 何 before 以. One asks for the basis of social grouping, while the other asks how to endure material hardship. A grammatical connection can be precise even when the subject matter and genre differ greatly."}],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"九月授衣","id":"shijing-015-0003","route":"/classical/passage/shijing-015-0003/","workTitle":"詩經","chapterTitle":"七月","text":"七月流火，九月授衣。春日載陽，有鳴倉庚。女執懿筐，遵彼微行，爰求柔桑。春日遲遲，采蘩祁祁。女心傷悲，殆","cross":false,"frequency":2},{"phrase":"七月流火","id":"shijing-015-0004","route":"/classical/passage/shijing-015-0004/","workTitle":"詩經","chapterTitle":"七月","text":"七月流火，八月萑葦。蠶月條桑，取彼斧斨，以伐遠揚，猗彼女桑。七月鳴鶪，八月載績，載玄載黃，我","cross":false,"frequency":3},{"phrase":"饁彼南畝","id":"shijing-021-0005","route":"/classical/passage/shijing-021-0005/","workTitle":"詩經","chapterTitle":"甫田","text":"曾孫來止！以其婦子，饁彼南畝，田畯至喜。攘其左右，嘗其旨否。禾易長畝，終善且有。曾孫不怒，農夫克敏。","cross":false,"frequency":3}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/shijing-015-0002/","text":"七月流火，九月授衣。一之日觱發，二之日栗烈。無衣無褐，何以卒歲？三之日于耜，四之日舉趾。同我婦子，饁彼南畝，田畯至喜。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["無衣無褐，何以卒歲？ — Without garments or coarse clothing, how can we get through the year?"],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"詩經 · 國風豳風第十五 · 2","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR1c0001","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1c0001/blob/9d36bf3a055b7aba01597f0c0581838ef56dc497/KR1c0001_015.txt#L24-L34","source":{"line":24,"recordSha256":"a3f675156f5e4d0e7f5b472ba0996a0e33a1410d6c7c929702cb398ee5d8f2c2"},"classical":{"author":"Anonymous poems transmitted in the Mao tradition, with received prefaces and ancillary prose; individual attribution is uncertain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1c0001","commit":"9d36bf3a055b7aba01597f0c0581838ef56dc497","file":"KR1c0001_015.txt","lineStart":24,"lineEnd":34,"fileSha256":"0843682bf16a0941999e0cc0c842ce9551f5c66230eae8cd93e9a3bbc256df53","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":[],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1c0001/blob/9d36bf3a055b7aba01597f0c0581838ef56dc497/KR1c0001_015.txt#L24-L34","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1c0001/KR1c0001_015.txt","author":"Anonymous poems transmitted in the Mao tradition, with received prefaces and ancillary prose; individual attribution is uncertain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r141","passage":"shijing-015-0002","quote":"無衣無褐，何以卒歲？","focus":"何以","start":22,"end":32,"focusStart":27,"topics":["fronting","question","negation"],"translation":"Without garments or coarse clothing, how can we get through the year?","note":"何 is placed before 以 in a question about means. The repeated 無 names material lack, and the surrounding seasonal labor supplies the practical setting. 卒 is the predicate complete or get through here, not the noun soldier familiar from military texts.","question":"What does the question ask the reader to supply?","answer":"The means by which the year could be endured without clothing.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}