Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
50 Han characters · 30 distinct forms · 7 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
年已七十矣；
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
曾不知以食牛干秦繆公之為汙也，Keep different negatives apart ↗曾不知以食牛干秦繆公之為汙也，Identify means, basis, and purpose ↗曾不知以食牛干秦繆公之為汙也，Distinguish doing, being, and acting for ↗Watch recurrence: 不 × 6 可 × 4 之 × 3 謂 × 3 智 × 3 知 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
孟子 · 離婁上可謂智乎陵，為下必因川澤；為政不因先王之道，可謂智乎？是以惟仁者宜在高位。不仁而在高位，是播其惡於眾也。
孟子 · 萬章上知虞公之道於虞以伐虢。宮之奇諫，百里奚不諫。知虞公之不可諫而去之秦，
孟子 · 萬章上可謂不智時舉於秦，知繆公之可與有行也而相之，可謂不智乎？相秦而顯其君於天下，可傳於後世，不賢而能之乎？自鬻以成其君，鄉黨自好者不為，而謂
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 孟子 · Mencius
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR1h0001 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR1h0001_009.txt, lines 770–777. MENG 5A09:03; tr. D. C. Lau 2.197
- Version
8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: d4873d5cc0259cc2c80c31c5d8ca2e1a9c1454d1d2f6c6ecaa75798c75df5183. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.