Zhuangzi · 天地第十二

Read the witness. Inspect a construction. Follow the evidence.

+ Save passage to a list

Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.

天地第十二 · 3559 characters
:「,,。,,,。?!」。

A route through this passage

59 Han characters · 42 distinct forms · 11 units separated by the witness’s punctuation

  1. Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
  2. Test one unit. 「昔堯治天下, Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text.
  3. Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 6 written forms in this passage

Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.

Watch recurrence: 不 × 4 而 × 4 子 × 3 民 × 3 自 × 3 此 × 3. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.

Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods

Make this passage yours.

My review queue ↗

Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.

1 · Explain it in your own words
Passage cards & Anki ↗
2 · Recover the wording

Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.

3 · Explain, then revisit

Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.

Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.

Study controls are loading. Reading prompts and source links work without JavaScript.

Shared wording

Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.

莊子 · 天地第十二昔堯治天

禹趨就下風,立而問焉,曰:「昔堯治天下,吾子立為諸侯。堯授舜,舜授予,而吾子辭為諸侯而耕,敢問其故何也?」

莊子 · 逍遙遊第一堯治天下

甫而適諸越,越人斷髮文身,無所用之。堯治天下之民,平海內之政,往見四子藐姑射之山,汾水之陽,窅然喪其天下焉。」

莊子 · 天地第十二堯治天下

堯治天下,伯成子高立為諸侯。堯授舜,舜授禹,伯成子高辭為諸侯而耕。禹往見之,則耕在野。

Follow a connection

Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.

Select a character to find its other occurrences in these texts.

Edition, source, and reuse
Work
莊子 · Zhuangzi
Attribution
Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.
Digital witness
Kanseki Repository · KR5c0126 · base edition CHANT
Contributors
Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
Source position
KR5c0126_012.txt, lines 350–361. ZHUANG 12.7.3 Guo Qingfan 423; Wang Shumin 432; Fang Yong 316; Chen Guying 308
Version
abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f
Reuse
CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
Text policy
Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
Teaching
zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Exact source lines ↗ · Original UTF-8 file · Passage + annotation data

Source-file SHA-256: 84ba5f82af4e08a3823db40414e619cb3bbd4689271c1e0381c4a80b4dfe8e73. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.