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A route through this passage
49 Han characters · 22 distinct forms · 5 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
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- Test one unit.
由是觀之，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 5 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
善人不得聖人之道不立，Keep different negatives apart ↗天下之善人少而不善人多，Read the relationship between clauses ↗則聖人之利天下也少而害天下也多。Follow a condition and its consequence ↗Watch recurrence: 人 × 6 之 × 5 不 × 5 善 × 3 聖 × 3 天 × 3. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
韓非子 · 姦劫弒臣第十四則聖人之從是觀之，則聖人之治國也，固有使人不得不愛我之道，而不恃人之以愛為我也。恃人之以愛為我者危矣，恃吾不可
荀子 · 性惡篇第二十三則聖人之然則聖人之於禮義積偽也，亦猶陶埏而生之也。用此觀之，然則禮義積偽者，豈人之性也哉？
韓非子 · 外儲說右上第三十四天下之善一曰：犀首，天下之善將也，梁王之臣也。秦王欲得之與治天下，犀首曰：「衍其人臣者也，不敢離主之國。」居期年
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 莊子 · Zhuangzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR5c0126 · base edition CHANT
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR5c0126_010.txt, lines 106–114. ZHUANG 10.1.10 Guo Qingfan 346; Wang Shumin 349; Fang Yong 260; Chen Guying 256
- Version
abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: b1649772ed37b1f313b40ba6c1ad54c5e6044d4dd17e534c9b7f247fde1ca70d. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.