Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
79 Han characters · 49 distinct forms · 14 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
天子是庳，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
Watch recurrence: 不 × 6 而 × 6 之 × 5 是 × 3 刑 × 3 則 × 3. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
Make this passage yours.
Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
韓非子 · 問辯第四十一世則不然言，智者無以訟。此所以無辯之故也。亂世則不然，主有令，而民以文學非之；官府有法，而民以私行矯之。
荀子 · 富國篇第十繁而邪不故不教而誅，則刑繁而邪不勝；教而不誅，則姦民不懲；誅而不賞，則勤屬之民不勸；誅賞而不類，則下疑俗儉而百姓不一
荀子 · 議兵篇第十五威厲而不殺一人、刑二人而天下治。《傳》曰：「威厲而不試，刑錯而不用。」此之謂也。
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
Select a character to find its other occurrences in these texts.
Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_028.txt, lines 174–186. XUN 28:3:6, Beida 479f, Knoblock 3:247
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: a07e1f2f923bf667d642c6aba40abd730b6025cd4d570ef89031b51403cea1be. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.