Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
67 Han characters · 50 distinct forms · 10 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
故以枝代主而非越也，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
故以枝代主而非越也，Follow an explicit inference ↗故以枝代主而非越也，Identify means, basis, and purpose ↗故以枝代主而非越也，Read the relationship between clauses ↗故以枝代主而非越也，Keep different negatives apart ↗君臣易位而非不順也。Keep different negatives apart ↗Watch recurrence: 之 × 5 非 × 4 也 × 4 而 × 3 以 × 2 枝 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
詩經 · 巧言聖人莫之奕奕寢廟，君子作之。秩秩大猷，聖人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。躍躍毚兔，遇犬獲之！
荀子 · 儒效篇第八大儒之效大儒之效：武王崩，成王幼，周公屏成王而及武王以屬天下，惡天下之倍周也。履天子之籍，聽天下之斷
荀子 · 正論篇第十八非聖人莫；至眾也，非至明莫之能和。此三至者、非聖人莫之能盡。故非聖人莫之能王。聖人備道全美者也，是縣天下之權稱也。
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Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_008.txt, lines 71–80. XUN 8:1:5, Beida p. 87; Knoblock 2:69
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 0c6203b679af54d23735fbf437946dfb663689f78c3772d026a0a74b8a05f9fc. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.