Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
32 Han characters · 30 distinct forms · 7 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
苟為無本，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
Watch recurrence: 之 × 2 也 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
荀子 · 禮論篇第十九君子恥之所以送葬之者不哀不敬，則嫌於禽獸矣；君子恥之。故變而飾，所以滅惡也；動而遠，所以遂敬也；久而平，所以優生也。
荀子 · 仲尼篇第七可立而待位尊則必危，任重則必廢，擅寵則必辱，可立而待也，可炊而傹也。是行也？則墮之者眾而持之者寡矣。
荀子 · 王制篇第九可立而待入不可以守，出不可以戰，則傾覆滅亡可立而待也。故我聚之以亡，敵得之以彊。聚斂者，召寇、肥敵、亡國、危身之道也，故明君不蹈也。
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 孟子 · Mencius
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR1h0001 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR1h0001_008.txt, lines 223–230. MENG 4B18:03; tr. D. C. Lau 1.163
- Version
8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 943ffb6799e71f37459bc7d1e382f1aeea507eb02c7bc260590121744a9c6ee2. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.