Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
41 Han characters · 37 distinct forms · 7 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
夫韓嘗一背秦而國迫地侵，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
Watch recurrence: 韓 × 2 姦 × 2 臣 × 2 不 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
荀子 · 正名篇第二十二所以然者散名之在人者：生之所以然者謂之性，性之和所生，精合感應，不事而自然謂之性。性之好、惡、喜、怒、哀、樂謂之情。情
韓非子 · 有度第六所以然者此其所以然者，由主之不上斷於法，而信下為之也。故明主使法擇人，不自舉也；使法量功，不自度也。
韓非子 · 姦劫弒臣第十四所以然者此其所以然者，匿罪之罰重，而告姦之賞厚也。此亦使天下必為己視聽之道也。至治之法術已明矣，而世學者
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 韓非子 · Hanfeizi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3c0005 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3c0005_002.txt, lines 299–306. HF 02.07:05; jiaoshi 876; jishi 42; jiaozhu 19; shiping 225
- Version
55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 15e855f75b234d5f64e6b03dfc75cd17334694da5418fdbca1022eeff1c533ae. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.