Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
66 Han characters · 48 distinct forms · 9 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
上莫不致愛其下而制之以禮，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
上莫不致愛其下而制之以禮，Keep different negatives apart ↗上莫不致愛其下而制之以禮，Track whose, which, and whose perspective ↗上莫不致愛其下而制之以禮，Read the relationship between clauses ↗上莫不致愛其下而制之以禮，Identify means, basis, and purpose ↗上之於下，Locate a relation ↗所以接下之人百姓，Focus on what an action concerns ↗Watch recurrence: 不 × 5 下 × 4 之 × 4 上 × 3 如 × 3 而 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
韓非子 · 八經第四十八上之於下上之於下，下之於上亦然。是故上下貴賤相畏以法，相誨以利。民之性，有生之實，有生之名。為君者，
荀子 · 富國篇第十歡如父母；而百姓皆愛其上，人歸之如流水，親之歡如父母，為之出死斷亡而不愉者，
荀子 · 王霸篇第十一下而制之合天下之所同願兼而有之，睪牢天下而制之若制子孫，人苟不狂惑戇陋者，其誰能睹是而不樂也哉！
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 荀子 · Xunzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR3a0002_011.txt, lines 760–770. XUN 11:9a:1, Beida p.179; Knoblock 2:162
- Version
e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 0c7e4ec785ef57e191f984fc5415184c719dc190e1f67c14d32d0d3e6afba882. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.