Zhuangzi · 達生第十九
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Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
38 Han characters · 33 distinct forms · 6 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
復讎者不折鏌干，
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
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Watch recurrence: 者 × 3 不 × 2 无 × 2 之 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
韓非子 · 五蠹第四十九是以天下當焉；其用於行也，美其聲而不責其功。是以天下之眾，其談言者務為辨而不周於用，
韓非子 · 忠孝第五十一是以天下是也，而莫知察孝悌忠順之道而審行之，是以天下亂。皆以堯舜之道為是而法之，是以有弒君，有曲於父。
老子 · 第六十六章是以天下聖人處上而民弗重也，處前而民弗害也，是以天下樂推而弗厭也。以其不爭，故天下莫能與之爭。
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 莊子 · Zhuangzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR5c0126 · base edition CHANT
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR5c0126_019.txt, lines 134–139. ZHUANG 19.2.7 Guo Qingfan 636; Wang Shumin 674; Fang Yong 488; Chen Guying 468
- Version
abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 8727162d96fd29611eda1521c1302d33e9d8caa3edd536aea583dcfbbf50a858. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.