Laozi · Daodejing · 第四十四章
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Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
40 Han characters · 29 distinct forms · 8 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
名與身孰親？
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 4 written forms in this passage
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Watch recurrence: 與 × 3 孰 × 3 身 × 2 多 × 2 亡 × 2 故 × 2. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
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2 · Recover the wording
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3 · Explain, then revisit
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Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
韓非子 · 六反第四十六知足不辱老聃有言曰：「知足不辱，知止不殆。」夫以殆辱之故而不求於足之外者，老聃也。今以為足民而可以治，是以民為皆如
韓非子 · 解老第二十可以長久生也長，持祿也久。故曰：「有國之母，可以長久。」
莊子 · 在宥第十一可以長久：「聞吾子達於至道，敢問，治身柰何而可以長久？」廣成子蹶然而起，曰：「善哉問乎！來！吾語女至道。至道之精，窈窈冥冥；至道之極，昏
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Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 老子 · Laozi · Daodejing
- Attribution
- Traditionally attributed to Laozi; composition and textual history are debated.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR5c0057 · base edition tls
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR5c0057_044.txt, lines 14–28. LAO 44.1; tr. D.C. Lau 19i2: 65; here tr. Karlgren 1975
- Version
8f585085ff4ef2580eeb0f4376a763a62bcc7a95- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: 38ed193baa21d3e50e39f27c1f0afea5d73b92ec05033b16a002a3d661d0deff. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.