Original source spelling · punctuation belongs to the digital witness · pronunciation tools follow your language focus.
A route through this passage
90 Han characters · 54 distinct forms · 15 units separated by the witness’s punctuation
- Establish the frame. Read the surrounding chapter. Who speaks, what is being discussed, and which earlier words supply the context?
- Test one unit.
二人相與牧羊而俱亡其羊。
Mark a possible predicate and its participants. Record what you have supplied rather than found explicitly in the text. - Reconstruct the argument. Connect the units in your own words. Where does a description, question, contrast, or consequence depend on your interpretation?
Investigate 8 written forms in this passage
Matched by spelling. These are candidate reading procedures, not assigned grammatical analyses.
二人相與牧羊而俱亡其羊。Read the relationship between clauses ↗二人相與牧羊而俱亡其羊。Track whose, which, and whose perspective ↗其於亡羊均也。Locate a relation ↗Watch recurrence: 於 × 4 之 × 4 二 × 3 人 × 3 羊 × 3 其 × 3. Repetition of a graph need not mean repetition of a sense.
Computed from this exact witness · Contextual interpretation awaits editorial review. The guide is a set of reading prompts, not a translation. Sources & methods
Make this passage yours.
Use the reading guide above, build your interpretation, then test what you can recover. Your notes and schedule stay on this device.
1 · Explain it in your own words
2 · Recover the wording
Select a source unit, then hide the passage and reconstruct it. This checks textual recall, not understanding.
3 · Explain, then revisit
Without the source in front of you, explain the passage’s main point and one choice you made in reading it. Then reopen the text and check the evidence.
Rate your understanding yourself. These reminders use a simple schedule; they do not certify mastery.
Study controls are loading. Reading prompts and source links work without JavaScript.
Shared wording
Computed exact phrases in the pinned witnesses. These links do not assign a sense or assert borrowing.
論語 · 季氏篇第十六首陽之下死之日，民無得而稱焉。伯夷、叔齊餓于首陽之下，民到于今稱之。其斯之謂與？
詩經 · 采苓首陽之下采苦采苦，首陽之下？人之為言，苟亦無與。舍旃舍旃，苟亦無然。人之為言，胡得焉？
莊子 · 駢拇第八事業不同殉家，聖人則以身殉天下。故此數子者，事業不同，名聲異號，其於傷性以身為殉，一也。
Follow a connection
Shared teaching construction · an editorial learning connection, not evidence of common authorship or origin.
Select a character to find its other occurrences in these texts.
Edition, source, and reuse
- Work
- 莊子 · Zhuangzi
- Attribution
- Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.
- Digital witness
- Kanseki Repository · KR5c0126 · base edition CHANT
- Contributors
- Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.
- Source position
- KR5c0126_008.txt, lines 175–188. ZHUANG 8.2.6 Guo Qingfan 323; Wang Shumin 319; Fang Yong 238; Chen Guying 239
- Version
abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f- Reuse
- CC BY-SA 4.0. Text extraction and teaching additions share this licence.
- Text policy
- Source spelling and punctuation retained. Encoding headers, page markers, paragraph markers, whitespace, and leading section numbers are removed from the reading view. No silent script conversion or textual correction.
- Teaching
- zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes. English renderings are excerpt-level reading aids, not a full published translation. Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed.
Source-file SHA-256: b28a5f998cd6a3dc43490d067febdfbf3f220440c2f72031f27180a0afd2f936. A source comment that cites a translator is an upstream reference, not the attribution of a translation imported here.