累

累 · lèi

tired; implicate, involve; bother

Entry ↗

Meanings & readings

Meaning & readings

tired; implicate, involve; bother

Mandarin
lèi
Cantonese
leoi6

Unihan definitions and selected character readings. Read the word to establish its pronunciation in context.

Readings in Japanese, Korean & Vietnamese

Readings recorded for 累 in other language traditions. These are character-level records, not word translations or interchangeable pronunciations.

Japanese 日本語

Grouped by the source’s kana notation; no frequency ranking is implied.

On’yomi · katakana

ルイラリョウライル

Kun’yomi · hiragana

かさねるしきりにしばる

Katakana generally indicates on’yomi; hiragana generally indicates kun’yomi. The source does not identify everyday, rare, historical or name use per reading. Kana strings are preserved, including any written endings; consult a Japanese word entry for actual use.

Source record & scope

Unicode Unihan 17.0.0 · kJapanese ↗ · provisional property

ルイ ラ リョウ ライ ル かさねる しきりに しばる

Korean 한국어

Hanja readings · Hangul

누루

Source codes are separated below. They are neither sounds nor tones; a character reading alone does not specify a whole word’s pronunciation.

Reading sources explained
누
KS X 1001 (0)
루
KS X 1001 (0) · Educational Hanja (E)
Source record & scope

Unicode Unihan 17.0.0 · kHangul ↗ · provisional property

누:0 루:0E

Vietnamese Tiếng Việt

Character readings · Quốc ngữ

luỵ

Vietnamese readings associated with this Han character. This field alone does not establish word meanings, current usage, or a complete account of Hán-Nôm reading traditions.

Source record & scope

Unicode Unihan 17.0.0 · kVietnamese ↗ · provisional property

luỵ

Form & structure

Writing & identity

Unicode
U+7D2F
Radical
糸 · 120
Strokes
11 · Unihan
Residual
5

Source record · Unihan 17.0. Individual senses and historical claims have not yet been reviewed by zimai.

Stroke order

11 strokes
累
Strokes
11
Convention
PRC · Make Me a Hanzi

11 strokes in writing order. Play to watch them, or Step through one at a time.

Modern stroke order; regional conventions can differ. Stroke medians: Make Me a Hanzi via HanziLookupJS, drawn as an even pen line.

Graphical structure

⿱田糸(GHTJKPV)
How to read these symbols

⿰ left–right · ⿱ above–below · ⿻ overlap. Dotted boxes indicate positions, not missing characters. Each symbol describes the components that follow it; nested symbols describe a component in more detail. Source codes identify alternative analyses, not a writing sequence or an etymology.

BabelStone IDS · 2025-06-27. Region tags are preserved; 〾 marks approximation and {n} identifies an unencoded source component. These describe graphical structure, not historical derivation.

Words & connections

Words using 累

Character connections

6 catalogue records include this shape in their first retained IDS. Graphical containment does not imply shared etymology.

Follow this component

Reverse links to attributed component analyses. Open each character for its role, source and words. Shared components do not establish word ancestry.

History & distinctions

Related forms

纍

Unihan traditional/simplified variant properties. Conversion may depend on context.

Historical readings

Middle Chinese
ljweX · 力委 反切 · #1210
Middle Chinese
ljweH · 良僞 反切 · #2162
Middle Chinese
lwojH · 盧對 反切 · #2522

Guangyun-based transcriptions · PHONO-ML · CC BY 4.0. These describe historical reading categories, not modern word pronunciation.

Source row & reading categories

CSV line 9089 · ljweX = 止合三上支來 · ljweH = 止合三去支來 · lwojH = 蟹合一去灰來

Automatically generated in the source dataset; the authors checked a subset and acknowledge possible errors. All source readings are retained separately. Notation & method ↗

Sources & reference

Evidence & next depth

Source editions & exact scope ↗
Retained Unihan properties
kMandarin
lèi
kCantonese
leoi6
kDefinition
tired; implicate, involve; bother
kTotalStrokes
11
kRSUnicode
120.5
kTraditionalVariant
U+7D2F U+7E8D
kSimplifiedVariant
U+7D2F
kGradeLevel
4
kTGH
2013:2282

Readings across dictionaries

Hanyu Da Zidian
lěi,léi,lèi,lǜ,liè 53381.040
Xiandai Hanyu · 1983
léi 0685.090 · lěi 0686.050 · lèi 0687.040
Tongyong Guifan · 2013
léi 212.110 · lěi 213.060,213.070 · lèi 213.160
Reading counts · XDHYPLCD
lèi(111) lěi(54)
Mandarin / Cantonese · SMSZD
lěi粵leoi5 lèi粵leoi6 léi粵leoi6 léi粵leoi4
Small numbers locate dictionary entries; 粵 introduces Cantonese. Includes rare or historical readings. Source notation ↗

Reference desk

Sentences in context

Find examples using 累 ↗

The attributed sentence collection is still small; this spelling has no retained example yet.

Study this character

Structure & connections

0.10
73dictionary records using 累7forms using this shape2attributed sound links
⿱ Above / below

Shape description
田 above 糸 · the same shape in all seven regional standards (China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Vietnam)
Source notation ^⿱田糸$(GHTJKPV)
BabelStone · 2025-06-27. Encoded shape and region tags; graphical analysis does not establish historical function.

Decompose & trace ↗Browse all 73 word records ↗Explore sound families ↗Component search ↗
Retained descriptions & scope

^⿱田糸$(GHTJKPV)

All alternatives are retained. Only the first description drives component search and graphical links. Counts describe this snapshot, not frequency. Evidence and method.