怜 · lián
pity, sympathize
Meanings & readings
Meaning & readings
pity, sympathize
- Mandarin
- lián
- Cantonese
- lin4
Unihan definitions and selected character readings. Read the word to establish its pronunciation in context.
Readings in Japanese, Korean & Vietnamese
Readings recorded for 怜 in other language traditions. These are character-level records, not word translations or interchangeable pronunciations.
Japanese 日本語
Grouped by the source’s kana notation; no frequency ranking is implied.
On’yomi · katakana
Kun’yomi · hiragana
Katakana generally indicates on’yomi; hiragana generally indicates kun’yomi. The source does not identify everyday, rare, historical or name use per reading. Kana strings are preserved, including any written endings; consult a Japanese word entry for actual use.
Go deeperJisho ↗Wiktionary ↗
Korean 한국어
Hanja readings · Hangul
Source codes are separated below. They are neither sounds nor tones; a character reading alone does not specify a whole word’s pronunciation.
Go deeperNaver Hanja ↗Wiktionary ↗
Reading sources explained
- 령
- KS X 1001 (0) · Personal-name Hanja (N)
- 영
- KS X 1001 (0)
Vietnamese Tiếng Việt
Character readings · Quốc ngữ
Vietnamese readings associated with this Han character. This field alone does not establish word meanings, current usage, or a complete account of Hán-Nôm reading traditions.
Go deeperHán Việt (Thi Viện) ↗Wiktionary ↗
Form & structure
Writing & identity
- Unicode
- U+601C
- Radical
- 心 · 61
- Strokes
- 8 · Unihan
- Residual
- 5
Source record · Unihan 17.0. Individual senses and historical claims have not yet been reviewed by zimai.
Stroke order
8 strokesModern stroke order; regional conventions can differ. Stroke medians: Make Me a Hanzi via HanziLookupJS, drawn as an even pen line.
Graphical structure
How to read these symbols
⿰ left–right · ⿱ above–below · ⿻ overlap. Dotted boxes indicate positions, not missing characters. Each symbol describes the components that follow it; nested symbols describe a component in more detail. Source codes identify alternative analyses, not a writing sequence or an etymology.
BabelStone IDS · 2025-06-27. Region tags are preserved; 〾 marks approximation and {n} identifies an unencoded source component. These describe graphical structure, not historical derivation.
Words & connections
Words using 怜
Character connections
No reverse component match in this collection.
Component roles · attributed
- 令 sound component · CJKVI analysis
Source analysis · 令聲
Line 1615 · ⿰忄令 · 令聲
Source analyses, kept separate from modern IDS. CJKVI labels are not individually verified historical conclusions. Evidence & limits ↗
History & distinctions
Related forms
憐
Unihan traditional/simplified variant properties. Conversion may depend on context.
Historical readings
- Middle Chinese
- len · 落賢 反切 · #583
- Middle Chinese
- leng · 郎丁 反切 · #939
Guangyun-based transcriptions · PHONO-ML · CC BY 4.0. These describe historical reading categories, not modern word pronunciation.
Source row & reading categories
CSV line 4741 · len = 山開四平先來 · leng = 梗開四平青來
Automatically generated in the source dataset; the authors checked a subset and acknowledge possible errors. All source readings are retained separately. Notation & method ↗
Sources & reference
Evidence & next depth
Retained Unihan properties
- kMandarin
- lián
- kCantonese
- lin4
- kDefinition
- pity, sympathize
- kTotalStrokes
- 8
- kRSUnicode
- 61.5
- kTraditionalVariant
- U+601C U+6190
- kSimplifiedVariant
- U+601C
- kTGH
- 2013:1270
Readings across dictionaries
- Hanyu Da Zidian
- líng,lián,lǐng 42287.040
- Xiandai Hanyu · 1983
- lián 0701.090
- Tongyong Guifan · 2013
- lián 219.030
- Reading counts · XDHYPLCD
- lián(111)
Reference desk
- Fanqie spellings
- 落賢 郎丁
- Kangxi positions
- 0381.030
- Guangyun positions
- 134.19 196.42
- Cangjie
- POII
- Four-corner
- 9803.7