函 · hán
correspondence; a case; a box
Meanings & readings
Meaning & readings
correspondence; a case; a box
- Mandarin
- hán
- Cantonese
- haam4
Unihan definitions and selected character readings. Read the word to establish its pronunciation in context.
Readings in Japanese, Korean & Vietnamese
Readings recorded for 函 in other language traditions. These are character-level records, not word translations or interchangeable pronunciations.
Japanese 日本語
Grouped by the source’s kana notation; no frequency ranking is implied.
On’yomi · katakana
Kun’yomi · hiragana
Katakana generally indicates on’yomi; hiragana generally indicates kun’yomi. The source does not identify everyday, rare, historical or name use per reading. Kana strings are preserved, including any written endings; consult a Japanese word entry for actual use.
Go deeperJisho ↗Wiktionary ↗
Korean 한국어
Hanja readings · Hangul
Source codes are separated below. They are neither sounds nor tones; a character reading alone does not specify a whole word’s pronunciation.
Go deeperNaver Hanja ↗Wiktionary ↗
Reading sources explained
- 함
- KS X 1001 (0) · Personal-name Hanja (N)
Vietnamese Tiếng Việt
Character readings · Quốc ngữ
Vietnamese readings associated with this Han character. This field alone does not establish word meanings, current usage, or a complete account of Hán-Nôm reading traditions.
Go deeperHán Việt (Thi Viện) ↗Wiktionary ↗
Form & structure
Writing & identity
- Unicode
- U+51FD
- Radical
- 凵 · 17
- Strokes
- 8 · Unihan
- Residual
- 6
Source record · Unihan 17.0. Individual senses and historical claims have not yet been reviewed by zimai.
Stroke order
8 strokesModern stroke order; regional conventions can differ. Stroke medians: Make Me a Hanzi via HanziLookupJS, drawn as an even pen line.
Graphical structure
How to read these symbols
⿰ left–right · ⿱ above–below · ⿻ overlap. Dotted boxes indicate positions, not missing characters. Each symbol describes the components that follow it; nested symbols describe a component in more detail. Source codes identify alternative analyses, not a writing sequence or an etymology.
BabelStone IDS · 2025-06-27. Region tags are preserved; 〾 marks approximation and {n} identifies an unencoded source component. These describe graphical structure, not historical derivation.
Words & connections
Words using 函
Character connections
Follow this component
Reverse links to attributed component analyses. Open each character for its role, source and words. Shared components do not establish word ancestry.
History & distinctions
Related forms
No simplified/traditional variant property is retained for this record.
Historical readings
- Middle Chinese
- hom · 胡男 反切 · #1076
- Middle Chinese
- heam · 胡讒 反切 · #1133
Guangyun-based transcriptions · PHONO-ML · CC BY 4.0. These describe historical reading categories, not modern word pronunciation.
Source row & reading categories
CSV line 8463 · hom = 咸開一平覃匣 · heam = 咸開二平咸匣
Automatically generated in the source dataset; the authors checked a subset and acknowledge possible errors. All source readings are retained separately. Notation & method ↗
Sources & reference
Evidence & next depth
Retained Unihan properties
- kMandarin
- hán
- kCantonese
- haam4
- kDefinition
- correspondence; a case; a box
- kTotalStrokes
- 8
- kRSUnicode
- 17.6
- kGradeLevel
- 4
- kTGH
- 2013:1322
Readings across dictionaries
- Hanyu Da Zidian
- hán 10309.090
- Xiandai Hanyu · 1983
- hán 0439.050
- Tongyong Guifan · 2013
- hán 130.010
- Mandarin / Cantonese · SMSZD
- hàn粵haam4
Reference desk
- Fanqie spellings
- 胡男 胡讒
- Kangxi positions
- 0135.160
- Guangyun positions
- 222.13 229.29
- GSR references
- 0643b
- Cangjie
- NUE
- Four-corner
- 1077.2