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堅

简坚 · 繁堅

Mandarin · pinyin jiān

strong
solid
firm
unyielding
resolute

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堅: Look up this written character
坚: jiān · hard, strong, firm; resolute

Written characters and their own readings; the entry’s pronunciation is shown above.

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Mandarin tones

1 · jian1

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Read this spelling in Classical texts

Follow a written form into the eight pinned witnesses: Analects, Mencius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, Han Feizi, Sunzi and the Mao Shijing. A match is a place to investigate; it does not prove that a modern dictionary sense fits the passage.

堅 · find source passages ↗ · 坚 · find source passages ↗

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Compare dictionary sources Wiktionary · 7 senses · 1 Cantonese reading

Rime Cantonese 粵拼

gin1

Cantonese word readings for 堅. This lexicon supplies readings, not definitions.

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Wiktionary English definitions · Chinese section

Independent source senses for this spelling, with usage labels retained. Not matched to the pronunciation above.

character · Etymology 1

hard
strong; firm
resolute
(Cantonese) real; genuine
(Cantonese) really; very
72nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "hardness" (𝍍)

character · Etymology 2

(Hokkien) to become dry and form a crust; to congeal

Source page · dump 2026-09-02 · Contributors & history

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