恐 · kǒng
fear; fearful, apprehensive
Meanings & readings
Meaning & readings
fear; fearful, apprehensive
- Mandarin
- kǒng
- Cantonese
- hung2
Unihan definitions and selected character readings. Read the word to establish its pronunciation in context.
Readings in Japanese, Korean & Vietnamese
Readings recorded for 恐 in other language traditions. These are character-level records, not word translations or interchangeable pronunciations.
Japanese 日本語
Grouped by the source’s kana notation; no frequency ranking is implied.
On’yomi · katakana
Kun’yomi · hiragana
Katakana generally indicates on’yomi; hiragana generally indicates kun’yomi. The source does not identify everyday, rare, historical or name use per reading. Kana strings are preserved, including any written endings; consult a Japanese word entry for actual use.
Go deeperJisho ↗Wiktionary ↗
Source record & scope
Unicode Unihan 17.0.0 · kJapanese ↗ · provisional property
キョウ おそれる おそろしい おそらくは おそれKorean 한국어
Hanja readings · Hangul
Source codes are separated below. They are neither sounds nor tones; a character reading alone does not specify a whole word’s pronunciation.
Go deeperNaver Hanja ↗Wiktionary ↗
Reading sources explained
- 공
- KS X 1001 (0) · Educational Hanja (E)
Vietnamese Tiếng Việt
Character readings · Quốc ngữ
Vietnamese readings associated with this Han character. This field alone does not establish word meanings, current usage, or a complete account of Hán-Nôm reading traditions.
Go deeperHán Việt (Thi Viện) ↗Wiktionary ↗
Form & structure
Writing & identity
- Unicode
- U+6050
- Radical
- 心 · 61
- Strokes
- 10 · Unihan
- Residual
- 6
Source record · Unihan 17.0. Individual senses and historical claims have not yet been reviewed by zimai.
Stroke order
10 strokesModern stroke order; regional conventions can differ. Stroke medians: Make Me a Hanzi via HanziLookupJS, drawn as an even pen line.
Graphical structure
How to read these symbols
⿰ left–right · ⿱ above–below · ⿻ overlap. Dotted boxes indicate positions, not missing characters. Each symbol describes the components that follow it; nested symbols describe a component in more detail. Source codes identify alternative analyses, not a writing sequence or an etymology.
BabelStone IDS · 2025-06-27. Region tags are preserved; 〾 marks approximation and {n} identifies an unencoded source component. These describe graphical structure, not historical derivation.
Words & connections
Words using 恐
Character connections
No reverse component match in this collection.
History & distinctions
Related forms
No simplified/traditional variant property is retained for this record.
Historical readings
- Middle Chinese
- khjowngX · 丘隴 反切 · #1181
- Middle Chinese
- khjowngH · 區用 反切 · #2138
Guangyun-based transcriptions · PHONO-ML · CC BY 4.0. These describe historical reading categories, not modern word pronunciation.
Source row & reading categories
CSV line 8973 · khjowngX = 通開三上鍾溪 · khjowngH = 通開三去鍾溪
Automatically generated in the source dataset; the authors checked a subset and acknowledge possible errors. All source readings are retained separately. Notation & method ↗
Sources & reference
Evidence & next depth
Retained Unihan properties
- kMandarin
- kǒng
- kCantonese
- hung2
- kDefinition
- fear; fearful, apprehensive
- kTotalStrokes
- 10
- kRSUnicode
- 61.6
- kGradeLevel
- 3
- kTGH
- 2013:1810
Readings across dictionaries
- Hanyu Da Zidian
- kǒng 42289.080
- Xiandai Hanyu · 1983
- kǒng 0648.050
- Tongyong Guifan · 2013
- kǒng 198.040
- Reading counts · XDHYPLCD
- kǒng(109)
- Mandarin / Cantonese · SMSZD
- kǒng粵hung2
Reference desk
- Fanqie spellings
- 丘隴 區用
- Kangxi positions
- 0384.080
- Guangyun positions
- 239.02 345.25
- GSR references
- 1172d'
- Cangjie
- MNP
- Four-corner
- 1733.1