孔

Mandarin · pinyin kǒng#

Meanings · kǒng

  1. hole
  2. Classifier: 個 gè
  3. classifier for cave dwellings
Mandarin · pinyin Kǒng#

Meanings · Kǒng

  1. surname Kong
Full entryShow on map

Characters in this entry

孔
kǒng · opening, hole, orifice; great
Written characters and their own readings; the entry’s pronunciation is shown above.

Explore the spelling

Mandarin tones

3 · kong3

Compare attested words with these syllables ↗

Dictionary tones. Connected speech can change their realization.

Connected dictionary

1character link6same-tone records2source references
Explore word families ↗Compare pronunciations ↗Open character structure ↗
Counts describe dictionary records, not word frequency or semantic similarity. Source identities stay separate.

Read this spelling in Classical texts

Follow a written form into the eight pinned witnesses: Analects, Mencius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, Han Feizi, Sunzi and the Mao Shijing. A match is a place to investigate; it does not prove that a modern dictionary sense fits the passage.

孔 · find source passages ↗

Explore Classical grammar ↗

Compare dictionary sources Wiktionary · 12 senses · 1 Cantonese reading

Rime Cantonese 粵拼

hung2

Cantonese word readings for 孔. This lexicon supplies readings, not definitions.

CanCLID contributors · CC BY 4.0 · source & license · Data pack

Wiktionary English definitions · Chinese section

Independent source senses for this spelling, with usage labels retained. Not matched to the pronunciation above.

character

  1. hole; aperture; opening
  2. classifier for cave dwellings, oil wells, etc..
  3. (literary, for irrigation, drainage) ditch; trench; canal; channel
  4. (literary, or in compounds) profound; far-reaching
  5. (literary, or in compounds) unimpeded; unblocked
  6. (literary, or in compounds) large
  7. (literary, or in compounds) fine
  8. (literary, or in compounds) very; extremely
  9. (literary, or in compounds) peacock; peafowl
  10. a surname
  11. (specifically) short for 孔子 (Kǒngzǐ, “Confucius”)
  12. (Quanzhou Hokkien) classifier for partitioned grid units in a tool.

Source page · dump 2026-09-02 · Contributors & history

Wiktionary contributors · CC BY-SA 4.0 · source & license · Data pack