歉 · qiàn
deficient, lacking, insufficient
Meanings & readings
Meaning & readings
deficient, lacking, insufficient
- Mandarin
- qiàn
- Cantonese
- hip3
Unihan definitions and selected character readings. Read the word to establish its pronunciation in context.
Readings in Japanese, Korean & Vietnamese
Readings recorded for 歉 in other language traditions. These are character-level records, not word translations or interchangeable pronunciations.
Japanese 日本語
Grouped by the source’s kana notation; no frequency ranking is implied.
On’yomi · katakana
Kun’yomi · hiragana
Katakana generally indicates on’yomi; hiragana generally indicates kun’yomi. The source does not identify everyday, rare, historical or name use per reading. Kana strings are preserved, including any written endings; consult a Japanese word entry for actual use.
Go deeperJisho ↗Wiktionary ↗
Korean 한국어
Hanja readings · Hangul
Source codes are separated below. They are neither sounds nor tones; a character reading alone does not specify a whole word’s pronunciation.
Go deeperNaver Hanja ↗Wiktionary ↗
Reading sources explained
- 겸
- KS X 1002 (1) · Personal-name Hanja (N)
Vietnamese Tiếng Việt
Not recorded for this exact character in this dataset. This does not mean the language has no reading.
Form & structure
Writing & identity
- Unicode
- U+6B49
- Radical
- 欠 · 76
- Strokes
- 14 · Unihan
- Residual
- 10
Source record · Unihan 17.0. Individual senses and historical claims have not yet been reviewed by zimai.
Stroke order
14 strokesModern stroke order; regional conventions can differ. Stroke medians: Make Me a Hanzi via HanziLookupJS, drawn as an even pen line.
Graphical structure
How to read these symbols
⿰ left–right · ⿱ above–below · ⿻ overlap. Dotted boxes indicate positions, not missing characters. Each symbol describes the components that follow it; nested symbols describe a component in more detail. Source codes identify alternative analyses, not a writing sequence or an etymology.
BabelStone IDS · 2025-06-27. Region tags are preserved; 〾 marks approximation and {n} identifies an unencoded source component. These describe graphical structure, not historical derivation.
Words & connections
Words using 歉
Character connections
No reverse component match in this collection.
Component roles · attributed
- 兼 sound component · CJKVI analysis
Source analysis · 兼聲
Line 2560 · ⿰兼欠 · 兼聲 · source reference 3200520
Source analyses, kept separate from modern IDS. CJKVI labels are not individually verified historical conclusions. Evidence & limits ↗
History & distinctions
Related forms
No simplified/traditional variant property is retained for this record.
Historical readings
- Middle Chinese
- khemX · 苦簟 反切 · #2056
- Middle Chinese
- kheamX · 苦減 反切 · #2067
- Middle Chinese
- kheamH · 口陷 反切 · #3161
Guangyun-based transcriptions · PHONO-ML · CC BY 4.0. These describe historical reading categories, not modern word pronunciation.
Source row & reading categories
CSV line 12526 · khemX = 咸開四上添溪 · kheamX = 咸開二上咸溪 · kheamH = 咸開二去咸溪
Automatically generated in the source dataset; the authors checked a subset and acknowledge possible errors. All source readings are retained separately. Notation & method ↗
Sources & reference
Evidence & next depth
Retained Unihan properties
- kMandarin
- qiàn
- kCantonese
- hip3
- kDefinition
- deficient, lacking, insufficient
- kTotalStrokes
- 14
- kRSUnicode
- 76.10
- kGradeLevel
- 3
- kTGH
- 2013:3155
Readings across dictionaries
- Hanyu Da Zidian
- qiàn 32148.110
- Xiandai Hanyu · 1983
- qiàn 0915.070
- Tongyong Guifan · 2013
- qiàn 297.160
- Reading counts · XDHYPLCD
- qiàn(23)
- Mandarin / Cantonese · SMSZD
- qiàn粵hip3 qiàn粵him3
Reference desk
- Fanqie spellings
- 苦簟 苦減 口陷
- Kangxi positions
- 0570.300
- Guangyun positions
- 336.03 336.40 445.21
- GSR references
- 0627e
- Cangjie
- TCNO
- Four-corner
- 8728.2