# -*- mode: org -*-
#+TITLE: 韓非子
#+DATE: 2016-07-27 20:42:33
#+PROPERTY: ID KR3c0005
#+PROPERTY: BASEEDITION tls
#+PROPERTY: JUAN 4
#+PROPERTY: CAT 1pre-han,哲學思想,法家

# src: HF 05.01:01; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
# dating: 8110
<pb:KR3c0005_tls_005-1a>¶

** 5 主道第五

道者，¶
萬物之始，¶
是非之紀也。¶
是以明君守始以知萬物之源，¶

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# dating: 8110
故虛靜以待令，¶
令名自命也，¶
令事自定也。¶
虛則知實之情，¶
靜則知動者正。¶

# src: HF 05.01:03; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
# dating: 8110
有言者自為名，¶
有事者自為形，¶
形名參同，¶
君乃無事焉，¶
歸之其情。¶

# src: HF 05.01:04; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
# dating: 8110
故曰：¶
君無見其所欲，¶
君見其所欲，¶
臣自將雕琢；¶
君無見其意，¶
君見其意，¶
臣將自表異。¶

# src: HF 05.01:05; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
# dating: 8110
故曰：¶
去好去惡，¶
臣乃見素；¶
去智
去舊，¶
臣乃自備。¶

# src: HF 05.01:06; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
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故有智而不以慮，¶
使萬物知其處；¶
有賢而不以行，¶
觀臣下之所因；¶
有勇而不以怒，¶
使群臣盡其武。¶

# src: HF 05.01:07; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
# dating: 8110
是故去智而有明，¶
去賢而有功，¶
去勇而有強。¶
群臣守職，¶
百官有常，¶
因能而使之，¶
是謂習常。¶

# src: HF 05.01:08; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
# dating: 8110
故曰：¶
寂乎其無位而處，¶
漻乎莫得其所。¶
明君無為於上，¶
群臣竦懼乎下。¶

# src: HF 05.01:09; jiaoshi 686; jishi 67; jiaozhu 35; shiping 262
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明君之道，¶
使智者盡其慮，¶
而君因以斷事，¶
故君不窮於智；¶
賢者勑其材，¶
君因而任之，¶
故君不窮於能；¶
有功則君有其賢，¶
有過則臣任其罪，¶
故君不窮於名。¶

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是故不賢而為賢者師，¶
不智而為智者正。¶
臣有其勞，¶
君有其成功，¶
此之謂賢主之經也。<pb:KR3c0005_tls_005-2a>¶

# src: HF 05.02:01; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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道在不可見，¶
用在不可知。¶
虛靜無事，¶
以闇見疵。¶
見而不見，¶
聞而不聞，¶
知而不知。¶

# src: HF 05.02:02; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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知其言以往，¶
勿變勿更，¶
以參合閱焉。¶
官有一人，¶
勿令通言，¶
則萬物皆盡。¶
函掩其跡，¶
匿其端，¶
下不能原。¶

# src: HF 05.02:03; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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去其智，¶
絕其能，¶
下不能意。¶
保吾所以往而稽同之，¶
謹執其柄而固握之。¶
絕其望，¶
破其意，¶
毋使人欲之。¶

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不謹其閉，¶
不固其門，¶
虎乃將存。¶
不慎其事，¶
不掩其情，¶
賊乃將生。¶
弒其主，¶
代其所，¶
人莫不與，¶
故謂之虎。¶

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處其主之側
為姦匿，¶
聞其主之忒，¶
故謂之賊。¶
散其黨，¶
收其餘，¶
閉其門，¶
奪其輔，¶
國乃無虎。¶

# src: HF 05.02:06; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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大不可量，¶
深不可測，¶
同合刑名，¶
審驗法式，¶
擅為者誅，¶
國乃無賊。¶

# src: HF 05.02:07; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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是故人主有五壅：¶
臣閉其主曰壅，¶
臣制財利曰壅，¶
臣擅行令曰壅，¶
臣得行義曰壅，¶
臣得樹人曰壅。¶

# src: HF 05.02:08; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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臣閉其主，¶
則主失位；¶
臣制財利，¶
則主失德；¶
臣擅行令，¶
則主失制；¶
臣得行義，¶
則主失明；¶
臣得樹人，¶
則主失黨。¶

# src: HF 05.02:09; jiaoshi 690; jishi 68; jiaozhu 37; shiping 268
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此人主之所以獨擅也，¶
非人臣之所以得操也。<pb:KR3c0005_tls_005-3a>¶

# src: HF 05.03:01; jiaoshi 693; jishi 68; jiaozhu 38; shiping 274
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人主之道，¶
靜退以為寶。¶
不自操事
而知拙與巧，¶
不自計慮
而知福與咎。¶
是以不言而善應，¶
不約而善增。¶

# src: HF 05.03:02; jiaoshi 693; jishi 68; jiaozhu 38; shiping 274
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言已應
則執其契，¶
事已增
則操其符。¶
符契之所合，¶
賞罰之所生也。¶

# src: HF 05.03:03; jiaoshi 693; jishi 68; jiaozhu 38; shiping 274
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故群臣陳其言，¶
君以其言授其事，¶
事以責其功。¶
功當其事，¶
事當其言
則賞；¶
功不當其事，¶
事不當其言
則誅。¶

# src: HF 05.03:04; jiaoshi 693; jishi 68; jiaozhu 38; shiping 274
# dating: 8110
明君之道，¶
臣不得陳言而不當。<pb:KR3c0005_tls_005-4a>¶
是故明君之行賞也，¶
曖乎如時雨，¶
百姓利其澤；¶
其行罰也，¶
畏乎如雷霆，¶
神聖不能解也。¶

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故明君無偷賞，¶
無赦罰。¶
賞偷
則功臣墮其業，¶
赦罰
則姦臣易為非。¶

# src: HF 05.03:06; jiaoshi 693; jishi 68; jiaozhu 38; shiping 274
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是故誠有功，¶
則雖䟽賤必賞；¶
誠有過，¶
則雖近愛必誅。¶
疏賤必賞，¶
近愛必誅，¶
則䟽賤者不怠，¶
而近愛者不驕也。