{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0001","work":"zhuangzi","chapter":"zhuangzi-003","chapterTitle":"養生主第三","chapterNumber":3,"ordinal":1,"text":"吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。以有涯隨无涯，殆已；已而為知者，殆而已矣。為善无近名，為惡无近刑。緣督以為經，可以保身，可以全生，可以養親，可以盡年。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0126","commit":"abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f","file":"KR5c0126_003.txt","lineStart":19,"lineEnd":29,"fileSha256":"ba7f4021e79ad6eb99b916368aee2245525d1866d39b62157bb1d0df9f0ccac0","edition":"CHANT","sourceLabels":["ZHUANG 3.1.1; Guo Qingfan 115; Wang Shumin 99; Fang Yong 92; Chen Guying 94"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0126/blob/abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f/KR5c0126_003.txt#L19-L29","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR5c0126/KR5c0126_003.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/zhuangzi-003-0001/","notes":[{"id":"r167","passage":"zhuangzi-003-0001","quote":"吾生也有涯，而知也无涯","focus":"而","start":0,"end":11,"focusStart":6,"topics":["er","parallel","negation"],"translation":"My life has a boundary, while knowing has none.","note":"The paired 有涯 and 无涯 set up the danger of using the bounded to pursue the unbounded. 而 marks the contrast. Here the witness writes 无; preserving it keeps the textual form visible without implying that it represents a different doctrine from passages using 無.","question":"What opposition drives the sentence?","answer":"The limit of life against the absence of a limit to knowing.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"zhuangzi-002-0070","next":"zhuangzi-003-0002","nearby":[{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。以有涯隨无涯，殆已；已而為知者，殆而已矣。為善无近名，為惡无近刑。緣督以為經，可以保身，可以全生，可以養親，可以盡年。","annotated":true},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"庖丁為文惠君解牛，手之所觸，肩之所倚，足之所履，膝之所踦，砉然嚮然，奏刀騞然，莫不中音。","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"合於《桑林》之舞，乃中《經首》之會。文惠君曰：「譆，善哉！技蓋至此乎？」","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"庖丁釋刀對曰：「臣之所好者道也，進乎技矣。始臣之解牛之時，所見无非牛者。三年之後，未嘗見全牛也。方今之時，臣以神遇而不以目視，","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"官知止而神欲行。依乎天理，批大郤，導大窾，因其固然。技經肯綮之未嘗，而況大軱乎！","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"良庖歲更刀，割也；族庖月更刀，折也。今臣之刀十九年矣，所解數千牛矣，而刀刃若新發於硎。彼節者有間，而刀刃者无厚；以无厚入有間，恢恢乎其於遊刃必有餘地矣，","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"是以十九年而刀刃若新發於硎。雖然，每至於族，吾見其難為，怵然為戒，視為止，行為遲。","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"動刀甚微，謋然已解，如土委地。提刀而立，為之四顧，為之躊躇滿志，善刀而藏之。」文惠君曰：「善哉！吾聞庖丁之言，得養生焉。」","annotated":false},{"id":"zhuangzi-003-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"公文軒見右師而驚曰：「是何人也？惡乎介也？天與，其人與？」曰：「天也，非人也。天之生是使獨也，人之貌有與也。以是知其天也，非人也。","annotated":false}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0001","workTitle":"論語","text":"學而時習之","reason":"Read the relationship between clauses"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0002","workTitle":"論語","text":"未之有也","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0003","workTitle":"論語","text":"本立而道生","reason":"Read the relationship between clauses"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0004","workTitle":"論語","text":"巧言令色，鮮矣仁","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"}],"knowledge":[{"id":"learning-and-knowing","title":"Learning, practice, and the limits of knowing"},{"id":"witnesses-and-variants","title":"Read a witness, not an imaginary perfect text"}],"connections":[{"id":"learning-recovery-limits","title":"Recovering attention and respecting a finite life","label":"Question in common","reason":"Compare what each passage asks the learner to attend to. The connection is editorial and does not assert agreement between the works."},{"id":"source-forms","title":"Preserve the form before interpreting it","label":"Textual evidence","reason":"恒 and 无 are visible source forms. Their preservation does not by itself explain their textual history."},{"id":"limits-of-control-and-knowing","title":"Locate the limit before pursuing the aim","label":"Argument contrast","reason":"Sunzi distinguishes securing oneself from making an enemy vulnerable; Zhuangzi contrasts bounded life with unbounded knowing. This is an editorial juxtaposition about limits, not evidence of direct textual dependence or identical practical conclusions."}],"phraseConnections":[],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/zhuangzi-003-0001/","text":"吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。以有涯隨无涯，殆已；已而為知者，殆而已矣。為善无近名，為惡无近刑。緣督以為經，可以保身，可以全生，可以養親，可以盡年。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["吾生也有涯，而知也无涯 — My life has a boundary, while knowing has none."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"莊子 · 養生主第三 · 1","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR5c0126","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0126/blob/abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f/KR5c0126_003.txt#L19-L29","source":{"line":19,"recordSha256":"a6df5516e041b2e0afff4440aaab355d528a92b0add7bfd48b9f56c40c988e51"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0126","commit":"abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f","file":"KR5c0126_003.txt","lineStart":19,"lineEnd":29,"fileSha256":"ba7f4021e79ad6eb99b916368aee2245525d1866d39b62157bb1d0df9f0ccac0","edition":"CHANT","sourceLabels":["ZHUANG 3.1.1; Guo Qingfan 115; Wang Shumin 99; Fang Yong 92; Chen Guying 94"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0126/blob/abb9cd323dfd9520894b56b3b8ba2ec0ea50554f/KR5c0126_003.txt#L19-L29","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR5c0126/KR5c0126_003.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Zhuang Zhou; the received collection includes multiple voices and layers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r167","passage":"zhuangzi-003-0001","quote":"吾生也有涯，而知也无涯","focus":"而","start":0,"end":11,"focusStart":6,"topics":["er","parallel","negation"],"translation":"My life has a boundary, while knowing has none.","note":"The paired 有涯 and 无涯 set up the danger of using the bounded to pursue the unbounded. 而 marks the contrast. Here the witness writes 无; preserving it keeps the textual form visible without implying that it represents a different doctrine from passages using 無.","question":"What opposition drives the sentence?","answer":"The limit of life against the absence of a limit to knowing.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}