{"id":"xunzi-022-0011","work":"xunzi","chapter":"xunzi-022","chapterTitle":"正名篇第二十二","chapterNumber":22,"ordinal":11,"text":"徵知，則緣耳而知聲可也，緣目而知形可也，然而徵知必將待天官之當簿其類然後可也；五官簿之而不知，心徵之而無說，則人莫不然謂之不知，此所緣而以同異也。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3a0002","commit":"e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2","file":"KR3a0002_022.txt","lineStart":141,"lineEnd":148,"fileSha256":"0de16d59abd57f0afeadb2c457a2ee0dc396477e67893c965658872ee7d0cbeb","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["XUN 22:2e:1, Beida p.371; Knoblock 3:129f"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3a0002/blob/e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2/KR3a0002_022.txt#L141-L148","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3a0002/KR3a0002_022.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/xunzi-022-0011/","notes":[],"previous":"xunzi-022-0010","next":"xunzi-022-0012","nearby":[{"id":"xunzi-022-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"異形離心，交喻異物，名實互紐，貴賤不明，同異不別；如是，則志必有不喻之患，而事必有困廢之禍。故知者為之分別制名以指實，上以明貴賤，下以辨同異。貴賤明，同異別；如是，則志無不喻之患，事無困廢之禍，此所為有名也。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"然則何緣而以同異？曰：緣天官。凡同類同情者，其天官之意物也同，故比方之疑似而通，是所以共其約名以相期也。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0010","ordinal":10,"text":"形體色理以目異，聲音清濁、調竽奇聲以耳異，甘苦鹹淡辛酸奇味以口異，香臭芬鬱腥臊漏庮奇臭以鼻異，疾養凔熱、滑鈹輕重以形體異，說故喜怒哀樂愛惡欲以心異。心有徵知。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0011","ordinal":11,"text":"徵知，則緣耳而知聲可也，緣目而知形可也，然而徵知必將待天官之當簿其類然後可也；五官簿之而不知，心徵之而無說，則人莫不然謂之不知，此所緣而以同異也。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0012","ordinal":12,"text":"然後隨而命之：同則同之，異則異之；單足以喻則單，單不足以喻則兼；單與兼無所相避則共；雖共、不為害矣。知異實者之異名也，故使異實者莫不異名也，不可亂也，猶使同實者莫不同名也。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0013","ordinal":13,"text":"故萬物雖眾，有時而欲徧舉之，故謂之物。物也者、大共名也。推而共之，共則有共，至於無共然後止。有時而欲偏舉之，故謂之鳥獸。鳥獸也者、大別名也。推而別之，別則有別，至於無別然後止。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0014","ordinal":14,"text":"名無固宜，約之以命，約定俗成謂之宜，異於約則謂之不宜。名無固實，約之以命（實），約定俗成謂之實名。名有固善，徑易而不拂，謂之善名。","annotated":true},{"id":"xunzi-022-0015","ordinal":15,"text":"物有同狀而異所者，有異狀而同所者，可別也。狀同而為異所者，雖可合，謂之二實。狀變而實無別而為異者，謂之化。有化而無別，謂之一實。此事之所以稽實定數也，此制名之樞要也。後王之成名，不可不察也。","annotated":false},{"id":"xunzi-022-0016","ordinal":16,"text":"「見侮不辱」，「聖人不愛己」，「殺盜非殺人也」，此惑於用名以亂名者也。驗之所（以）為有名而觀其孰行，則能禁之矣。","annotated":false}],"related":[],"knowledge":[],"connections":[],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"人莫不然","id":"hanfeizi-037-0055","route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-037-0055/","workTitle":"韓非子","chapterTitle":"難二第三十七","text":"長行徇上，數百不一人，喜利畏罪，人莫不然。將眾者不出乎莫不然之數，而道乎百無一人之行，行人未知用眾之道也。","cross":true,"frequency":2},{"phrase":"則人莫不","id":"zhuangzi-014-0050","route":"/classical/passage/zhuangzi-014-0050/","workTitle":"莊子","chapterTitle":"天運第十四","text":"老子曰：「然。使道而可獻，則人莫不獻之於其君；使道而可進，則人莫不進之於其親；使道而可以告人，則人莫不告其兄弟；使道而","cross":true,"frequency":2},{"phrase":"之而不知","id":"mengzi-013-0006","route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-013-0006/","workTitle":"孟子","chapterTitle":"盡心上","text":"「行之而不著焉，習矣而不察焉，終身由之而不知其道者，眾也。」","cross":true,"frequency":3}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/xunzi-022-0011/","text":"徵知，則緣耳而知聲可也，緣目而知形可也，然而徵知必將待天官之當簿其類然後可也；五官簿之而不知，心徵之而無說，則人莫不然謂之不知，此所緣而以同異也。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["Unannotated source passage. Add your own interpretation in My note."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"荀子 · 正名篇第二十二 · 11","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR3a0002","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3a0002/blob/e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2/KR3a0002_022.txt#L141-L148","source":{"line":141,"recordSha256":"dd24dd7878af5e9ff82775dc16ee4020ca9fcbf904014b70b910b60d34a2504d"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3a0002","commit":"e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2","file":"KR3a0002_022.txt","lineStart":141,"lineEnd":148,"fileSha256":"0de16d59abd57f0afeadb2c457a2ee0dc396477e67893c965658872ee7d0cbeb","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["XUN 22:2e:1, Beida p.371; Knoblock 3:129f"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3a0002/blob/e18a27621ef434940a368defd29e00eee205dfd2/KR3a0002_022.txt#L141-L148","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3a0002/KR3a0002_022.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Xun Kuang; the received collection contains multiple textual layers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}