{"id":"mengzi-011-0004","work":"mengzi","chapter":"mengzi-011","chapterTitle":"告子上","chapterNumber":11,"ordinal":4,"text":"孟子曰：「水信無分於東西，無分於上下乎？人性之善也，猶水之就下也。人無有不善，水無有不下。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001","commit":"8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564","file":"KR1h0001_011.txt","lineStart":44,"lineEnd":50,"fileSha256":"7e2b75d07588a11bc761e6f801764252cc70c13ba1726af1bca38bd78f8bf8f0","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["MENG 6A02:01; tr. D. C. Lau 2.223"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001/blob/8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564/KR1h0001_011.txt#L44-L50","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0001/KR1h0001_011.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-011-0004/","notes":[{"id":"r157","passage":"mengzi-011-0004","quote":"人性之善也，猶水之就下也","focus":"猶","start":20,"end":32,"focusStart":26,"topics":["zhi-clause","comparison"],"translation":"The goodness of human nature is like water's tendency to move downward.","note":"The two 之 constructions package relations for comparison. 猶 makes the water image an analogy, whose next lines must be read before judging its force. It does not itself settle what 性 includes or resolve Xunzi's differently framed account of cultivation.","question":"What does 猶 tell us about the relation between the two clauses?","answer":"One is offered as an analogy for the other, not as a literal identity.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"mengzi-011-0003","next":"mengzi-011-0005","nearby":[{"id":"mengzi-011-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"告子曰：「性猶杞柳也，義猶桮棬也；以人性為仁義，猶以杞柳為桮棬。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"孟子曰：「子能順杞柳之性而以為桮棬乎？將戕賊杞柳而後以為桮棬也？如將戕賊杞柳而以為桮棬，則亦將戕賊人以為仁義與？率天下之人而禍仁義者，必子之言夫！」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"告子曰：「性猶湍水也，決諸東方則東流，決諸西方則西流。人性之無分於善不善也，猶水之無分於東西也。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"孟子曰：「水信無分於東西，無分於上下乎？人性之善也，猶水之就下也。人無有不善，水無有不下。","annotated":true},{"id":"mengzi-011-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"今夫水、搏而躍之，可使過顙；激而行之，可使在山。是豈水之性哉？其勢則然也。人之可使為不善，其性亦猶是也。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"告子曰：「生之謂性。」孟子曰：「生之謂性也，猶白之謂白與？」曰：「然。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"「白羽之白也，猶白雪之白；白雪之白猶白玉之白歟？」曰：「然。」「然則犬之性猶牛之性，牛之性猶人之性歟？」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"告子曰：「食色、性也。仁、內也，非外也；義、外也，非內也。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-011-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"孟子曰：「何以謂仁內義外也？」曰：「彼長而我長之，非有長於我也；猶彼白而我白之，從其白於外也，故謂之外也。」","annotated":false}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0016","workTitle":"論語","text":"未若貧而樂道，富而好禮者也","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0018","workTitle":"論語","text":"不患人之不己知","reason":"Put a clause inside a larger sentence"},{"id":"laozi-002-0001","workTitle":"老子","text":"天下皆知美之為美","reason":"Put a clause inside a larger sentence"},{"id":"laozi-008-0001","workTitle":"老子","text":"上善若水","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"}],"knowledge":[{"id":"analogy-and-limits","title":"What an analogy proves—and what it leaves open"}],"connections":[{"id":"water-analogies","title":"Water: tendency or exemplary conduct?","label":"Shared image","reason":"The image selects different features: direction in one argument, benefit and non-contention in the other."},{"id":"nature-and-cultivation","title":"What counts as human nature?","label":"Argument contrast","reason":"These passages state sharply different judgments about 性. Compare the role assigned to deliberate cultivation and the water analogy before deciding whether the same boundaries of nature are being assumed. This is a comparison of claims, not a complete resolution of their disagreement."}],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"猶水之就","id":"mengzi-007-0032","route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-007-0032/","workTitle":"孟子","chapterTitle":"離婁上","text":"「民之歸仁也，猶水之就下、獸之走壙也。故為淵敺魚者，獺也；為叢敺爵者，鸇也；為湯武敺民者，桀與紂也。","cross":false,"frequency":2},{"phrase":"無分於東","id":"mengzi-011-0003","route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-011-0003/","workTitle":"孟子","chapterTitle":"告子上","text":"則西流。人性之無分於善不善也，猶水之無分於東西也。」","cross":false,"frequency":2},{"phrase":"水之就下","id":"mengzi-001-0039","route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-001-0039/","workTitle":"孟子","chapterTitle":"梁惠王上","text":"誠如是也，民歸之，由水之就下，沛然誰能禦之？』」","cross":false,"frequency":3}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-011-0004/","text":"孟子曰：「水信無分於東西，無分於上下乎？人性之善也，猶水之就下也。人無有不善，水無有不下。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["人性之善也，猶水之就下也 — The goodness of human nature is like water's tendency to move downward."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"孟子 · 告子上 · 4","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR1h0001","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001/blob/8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564/KR1h0001_011.txt#L44-L50","source":{"line":44,"recordSha256":"3b4488009a60740619c4545cd58a81a945a20a6437ec5f2f9b3c5d0bd8990e58"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001","commit":"8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564","file":"KR1h0001_011.txt","lineStart":44,"lineEnd":50,"fileSha256":"7e2b75d07588a11bc761e6f801764252cc70c13ba1726af1bca38bd78f8bf8f0","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["MENG 6A02:01; tr. D. C. Lau 2.223"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001/blob/8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564/KR1h0001_011.txt#L44-L50","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0001/KR1h0001_011.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r157","passage":"mengzi-011-0004","quote":"人性之善也，猶水之就下也","focus":"猶","start":20,"end":32,"focusStart":26,"topics":["zhi-clause","comparison"],"translation":"The goodness of human nature is like water's tendency to move downward.","note":"The two 之 constructions package relations for comparison. 猶 makes the water image an analogy, whose next lines must be read before judging its force. It does not itself settle what 性 includes or resolve Xunzi's differently framed account of cultivation.","question":"What does 猶 tell us about the relation between the two clauses?","answer":"One is offered as an analogy for the other, not as a literal identity.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}