{"id":"mengzi-004-0001","work":"mengzi","chapter":"mengzi-004","chapterTitle":"公孫丑下","chapterNumber":4,"ordinal":1,"text":"孟子曰：「天時不如地利，地利不如人和。三里之城，七里之郭，環而攻之而不勝。夫環而攻之，必有得天時者矣；然而不勝者，是天時不如地利也。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001","commit":"8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564","file":"KR1h0001_004.txt","lineStart":14,"lineEnd":23,"fileSha256":"ec32ee486a6971462ae44542f0fdc2b0225d8054e0929cc8c68573d38306dc65","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["MENG 2B01:01; tr. D. C. Lau 1.73"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001/blob/8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564/KR1h0001_004.txt#L14-L23","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0001/KR1h0001_004.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-004-0001/","notes":[{"id":"r155","passage":"mengzi-004-0001","quote":"天時不如地利，地利不如人和","focus":"不如","start":5,"end":18,"focusStart":7,"topics":["comparison","parallel"],"translation":"Favorable timing does not equal favorable terrain; favorable terrain does not equal human accord.","note":"The two 不如 clauses form a ranking by repeating the middle term 地利. The subsequent siege example is offered to support it. 人和 here belongs to an argument about collective support, not simply a pleasant mood inside one individual.","question":"How does the repetition of 地利 structure the claim?","answer":"It makes terrain the middle level in a three-part comparison.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"mengzi-003-0076","next":"mengzi-004-0002","nearby":[{"id":"mengzi-004-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"孟子曰：「天時不如地利，地利不如人和。三里之城，七里之郭，環而攻之而不勝。夫環而攻之，必有得天時者矣；然而不勝者，是天時不如地利也。","annotated":true},{"id":"mengzi-004-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"城非不高也，池非不深也，兵革非不堅利也，米粟非不多也；委而去之，是地利不如人和也。","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"故曰：域民不以封疆之界，固國不以山谿之險，威天下不以兵革之利。","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"得道者多助，失道者寡助。寡助之至，親戚畔之；多助之至，天下順之。以天下之所順，攻親戚之所畔；故君子有不戰，戰必勝矣。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"孟子將朝王，王使人來曰：「寡人如就見者也，有寒疾，不可以風。朝，將視朝，不識可使寡人得見乎？」對曰：「不幸而有疾，不能造朝。」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"明日，出弔於東郭氏。公孫丑曰：「昔者辭以病，今日弔，或者不可乎？」曰：「昔者疾，今日愈，如之何不弔？」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"王使人問疾，醫來。孟仲子對曰：「昔者有王命，有采薪之憂，不能造朝。今病小愈，趨造於朝，我不識能至否乎？」","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"使數人要於路，曰：「請必無歸，而造於朝！」不得已而之景丑氏宿焉。","annotated":false},{"id":"mengzi-004-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"景子曰：「內則父子，外則君臣，人之大倫也。父子主恩，君臣主敬。丑見王之敬子也，未見所以敬王也。」","annotated":false}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0004","workTitle":"論語","text":"巧言令色，鮮矣仁","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0012","workTitle":"論語","text":"父在，觀其志；父沒，觀其行","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0016","workTitle":"論語","text":"未若貧而樂道，富而好禮者也","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"},{"id":"lunyu-002-0003","workTitle":"論語","text":"道之以政，齊之以刑","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"}],"knowledge":[],"connections":[{"id":"community-and-accord","title":"What makes collective action possible?","label":"Argument contrast","reason":"Xunzi asks how differentiated roles permit people to form a group; Mencius ranks human accord above terrain. The comparison draws attention to social conditions while preserving their distinct questions and argumentative settings."},{"id":"military-stakes-and-conditions","title":"Why military action requires more than terrain","label":"Argument contrast","reason":"Sunzi opens by defining military affairs through their stakes for a state. Mencius compares conditions of success and places human accord above terrain. These passages can orient a comparative reading without turning their different political arguments into one strategic rule."}],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"地利不如","id":"mengzi-004-0002","route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-004-0002/","workTitle":"孟子","chapterTitle":"公孫丑下","text":"不堅利也，米粟非不多也；委而去之，是地利不如人和也。","cross":false,"frequency":2}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/mengzi-004-0001/","text":"孟子曰：「天時不如地利，地利不如人和。三里之城，七里之郭，環而攻之而不勝。夫環而攻之，必有得天時者矣；然而不勝者，是天時不如地利也。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["天時不如地利，地利不如人和 — Favorable timing does not equal favorable terrain; favorable terrain does not equal human accord."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"孟子 · 公孫丑下 · 1","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR1h0001","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001/blob/8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564/KR1h0001_004.txt#L14-L23","source":{"line":14,"recordSha256":"fbe4b16ebca930c290115a5228d5a331c562444348832347eb210a9177f30316"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001","commit":"8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564","file":"KR1h0001_004.txt","lineStart":14,"lineEnd":23,"fileSha256":"ec32ee486a6971462ae44542f0fdc2b0225d8054e0929cc8c68573d38306dc65","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["MENG 2B01:01; tr. D. C. Lau 1.73"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0001/blob/8decdf43d5a82b779f7950a7782b9a5e09659564/KR1h0001_004.txt#L14-L23","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0001/KR1h0001_004.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Meng Ke (Mencius) and his followers.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r155","passage":"mengzi-004-0001","quote":"天時不如地利，地利不如人和","focus":"不如","start":5,"end":18,"focusStart":7,"topics":["comparison","parallel"],"translation":"Favorable timing does not equal favorable terrain; favorable terrain does not equal human accord.","note":"The two 不如 clauses form a ranking by repeating the middle term 地利. The subsequent siege example is offered to support it. 人和 here belongs to an argument about collective support, not simply a pleasant mood inside one individual.","question":"How does the repetition of 地利 structure the claim?","answer":"It makes terrain the middle level in a three-part comparison.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}