{"id":"lunyu-002-0021","work":"lunyu","chapter":"lunyu-002","chapterTitle":"為政篇第二","chapterNumber":2,"ordinal":21,"text":"季康子問：「使民敬、忠以勸，如之何？」子曰：「臨之以莊，則敬；孝慈，則忠；舉善而教不能，則勸。」","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004","commit":"89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb","file":"KR1h0004_002.txt","lineStart":169,"lineEnd":178,"fileSha256":"e589385d59f9a7cf8c205b706c5a76477d44991e9ec8160278ebe98e750c0364","edition":"CHANT","sourceLabels":["LY 02.20; tr. CH"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004/blob/89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb/KR1h0004_002.txt#L169-L178","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0004/KR1h0004_002.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Confucius and his disciples; compiled across generations.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-002-0021/","notes":[{"id":"r037","passage":"lunyu-002-0021","quote":"臨之以莊，則敬","focus":"之","start":23,"end":30,"focusStart":24,"topics":["zhi-object","yi","ellipsis"],"translation":"Approach the people with dignity, and they will show respect.","note":"之 is the object of 臨 and refers to 民 from the question. The subject of 敬 is then understood as the people. The subject therefore changes across the two clauses, even though no new pronoun is written.","question":"Who is understood to perform 敬?","answer":"The people, rather than the person who approaches them.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"lunyu-002-0020","next":"lunyu-002-0022","nearby":[{"id":"lunyu-002-0017","ordinal":17,"text":"子曰：「攻乎異端，斯害也已。」","annotated":false},{"id":"lunyu-002-0018","ordinal":18,"text":"子曰：「由！誨女知之乎！知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0019","ordinal":19,"text":"子張學干祿。子曰：「多聞闕疑，慎言其餘，則寡尤；多見闕殆，慎行其餘，則寡悔。言寡尤，行寡悔，祿在其中矣。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0020","ordinal":20,"text":"哀公問曰：「何為則民服？」孔子對曰：「舉直錯諸枉，則民服；舉枉錯諸直，則民不服。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0021","ordinal":21,"text":"季康子問：「使民敬、忠以勸，如之何？」子曰：「臨之以莊，則敬；孝慈，則忠；舉善而教不能，則勸。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0022","ordinal":22,"text":"或謂孔子曰：「子奚不為政？」子曰：「《書》云：『孝乎惟孝，友于兄弟，施於有政。』是亦為政，奚其為為政？」","annotated":false},{"id":"lunyu-002-0023","ordinal":23,"text":"子曰：「人而無信，不知其可也。大車無輗，小車無軏，其何以行之哉？」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0024","ordinal":24,"text":"子張問：「十世可知也？」子曰：「殷因於夏禮，所損益，可知也；周因於殷禮，所損益，可知也。其或繼周者，雖百世可知也。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0025","ordinal":25,"text":"子曰：「非其鬼而祭之，諂也。見義不為，無勇也。」","annotated":true}],"related":[{"id":"mengzi-001-0002","workTitle":"孟子","text":"何以利吾國","reason":"Identify means, basis, and purpose"},{"id":"mengzi-001-0013","workTitle":"孟子","text":"請以戰喻","reason":"Identify means, basis, and purpose"},{"id":"mengzi-001-0019","workTitle":"孟子","text":"申之以孝悌之義","reason":"Recover the object"},{"id":"laozi-005-0001","workTitle":"老子","text":"以萬物為芻狗","reason":"Identify means, basis, and purpose"}],"knowledge":[],"connections":[],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"季康子問","id":"lunyu-006-0009","route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-006-0009/","workTitle":"論語","chapterTitle":"雍也篇第六","text":"季康子問：「仲由可使從政也與？」子曰：「由也果，於從政乎何有？」曰：「賜也可使從政也與？」曰","cross":false,"frequency":5},{"phrase":"季康子問","id":"lunyu-011-0007","route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-011-0007/","workTitle":"論語","chapterTitle":"先進篇第十一","text":"季康子問「弟子孰為好學。」孔子對曰：「有顏回者好學，不幸短命死矣，今也則亡。」","cross":false,"frequency":5},{"phrase":"季康子問","id":"lunyu-012-0022","route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-012-0022/","workTitle":"論語","chapterTitle":"顏淵篇第十二","text":"季康子問政於孔子。孔子對曰：「政者、正也。子帥以正，孰敢不正？」","cross":false,"frequency":5}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-002-0021/","text":"季康子問：「使民敬、忠以勸，如之何？」子曰：「臨之以莊，則敬；孝慈，則忠；舉善而教不能，則勸。」","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["臨之以莊，則敬 — Approach the people with dignity, and they will show respect."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"論語 · 為政篇第二 · 21","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR1h0004","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004/blob/89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb/KR1h0004_002.txt#L169-L178","source":{"line":169,"recordSha256":"1ecaf6509e15471163a54f28eeef6772428606fe7ba44771dd901ddc5715fd44"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Confucius and his disciples; compiled across generations.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004","commit":"89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb","file":"KR1h0004_002.txt","lineStart":169,"lineEnd":178,"fileSha256":"e589385d59f9a7cf8c205b706c5a76477d44991e9ec8160278ebe98e750c0364","edition":"CHANT","sourceLabels":["LY 02.20; tr. 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The subject therefore changes across the two clauses, even though no new pronoun is written.","question":"Who is understood to perform 敬?","answer":"The people, rather than the person who approaches them.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}