{"id":"lunyu-002-0018","work":"lunyu","chapter":"lunyu-002","chapterTitle":"為政篇第二","chapterNumber":2,"ordinal":18,"text":"子曰：「由！誨女知之乎！知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。」","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004","commit":"89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb","file":"KR1h0004_002.txt","lineStart":139,"lineEnd":144,"fileSha256":"e589385d59f9a7cf8c205b706c5a76477d44991e9ec8160278ebe98e750c0364","edition":"CHANT","sourceLabels":["LY 02.17; tr. CH"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004/blob/89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb/KR1h0004_002.txt#L139-L144","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0004/KR1h0004_002.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Confucius and his disciples; compiled across generations.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-002-0018/","notes":[{"id":"r034","passage":"lunyu-002-0018","quote":"知之為知之，不知為不知","focus":"為","start":12,"end":23,"focusStart":14,"topics":["wei","parallel"],"translation":"Treat knowing as knowing, and not knowing as not knowing.","note":"The paired clauses distinguish acknowledgment from pretence. 為 can be rendered as taking or presenting a state as what it is. The surrounding final 知 invites reflection on what counts as knowledge, without requiring an automatic reading assignment.","question":"What distinction does the parallel structure preserve?","answer":"Knowing something versus not knowing it.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"lunyu-002-0017","next":"lunyu-002-0019","nearby":[{"id":"lunyu-002-0015","ordinal":15,"text":"子曰：「君子周而不比，小人比而不周。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0016","ordinal":16,"text":"子曰：「學而不思則罔，思而不學則殆。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0017","ordinal":17,"text":"子曰：「攻乎異端，斯害也已。」","annotated":false},{"id":"lunyu-002-0018","ordinal":18,"text":"子曰：「由！誨女知之乎！知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0019","ordinal":19,"text":"子張學干祿。子曰：「多聞闕疑，慎言其餘，則寡尤；多見闕殆，慎行其餘，則寡悔。言寡尤，行寡悔，祿在其中矣。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0020","ordinal":20,"text":"哀公問曰：「何為則民服？」孔子對曰：「舉直錯諸枉，則民服；舉枉錯諸直，則民不服。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0021","ordinal":21,"text":"季康子問：「使民敬、忠以勸，如之何？」子曰：「臨之以莊，則敬；孝慈，則忠；舉善而教不能，則勸。」","annotated":true},{"id":"lunyu-002-0022","ordinal":22,"text":"或謂孔子曰：「子奚不為政？」子曰：「《書》云：『孝乎惟孝，友于兄弟，施於有政。』是亦為政，奚其為為政？」","annotated":false},{"id":"lunyu-002-0023","ordinal":23,"text":"子曰：「人而無信，不知其可也。大車無輗，小車無軏，其何以行之哉？」","annotated":true}],"related":[{"id":"mengzi-001-0009","workTitle":"孟子","text":"古之人與民偕樂，故能樂也","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"},{"id":"mengzi-001-0012","workTitle":"孟子","text":"鄰國之民不加少，寡人之民不加多","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"},{"id":"mengzi-001-0014","workTitle":"孟子","text":"或百步而後止，或五十步而後止","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"},{"id":"laozi-001-0001","workTitle":"老子","text":"道可道，非恒道","reason":"Let parallel clauses constrain a reading"}],"knowledge":[{"id":"evidence-and-interpretation","title":"What the text says—and what we infer"}],"connections":[{"id":"knowing-and-reading","title":"Acknowledge what the evidence warrants","label":"Question in common","reason":"These passages support a learning exercise in intellectual restraint. The connection is an editorial comparison, not a claim of shared authorship or dependence."}],"phraseConnections":[],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/lunyu-002-0018/","text":"子曰：「由！誨女知之乎！知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。」","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["知之為知之，不知為不知 — Treat knowing as knowing, and not knowing as not knowing."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"論語 · 為政篇第二 · 18","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR1h0004","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004/blob/89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb/KR1h0004_002.txt#L139-L144","source":{"line":139,"recordSha256":"560f5b2ba9ac7eea4659a36bf953e170a0cbf0c87e2b6243060314ded7aa0212"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Confucius and his disciples; compiled across generations.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004","commit":"89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb","file":"KR1h0004_002.txt","lineStart":139,"lineEnd":144,"fileSha256":"e589385d59f9a7cf8c205b706c5a76477d44991e9ec8160278ebe98e750c0364","edition":"CHANT","sourceLabels":["LY 02.17; tr. CH"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR1h0004/blob/89b65734d4386e2478179c77741a968bfc627abb/KR1h0004_002.txt#L139-L144","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR1h0004/KR1h0004_002.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Confucius and his disciples; compiled across generations.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r034","passage":"lunyu-002-0018","quote":"知之為知之，不知為不知","focus":"為","start":12,"end":23,"focusStart":14,"topics":["wei","parallel"],"translation":"Treat knowing as knowing, and not knowing as not knowing.","note":"The paired clauses distinguish acknowledgment from pretence. 為 can be rendered as taking or presenting a state as what it is. The surrounding final 知 invites reflection on what counts as knowledge, without requiring an automatic reading assignment.","question":"What distinction does the parallel structure preserve?","answer":"Knowing something versus not knowing it.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}