{"id":"laozi-008-0001","work":"laozi","chapter":"laozi-008","chapterTitle":"第八章","chapterNumber":8,"ordinal":1,"text":"上善若水，水善利萬物而不爭，處眾人之所惡。故幾於道，居善地，心善淵，與善仁。言善信，正善治，事善能，動善時。夫唯不爭，故無尤。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0057","commit":"8f585085ff4ef2580eeb0f4376a763a62bcc7a95","file":"KR5c0057_008.txt","lineStart":14,"lineEnd":27,"fileSha256":"dd097dd7f1c5d6d78ad7344b749c625373cc2ac4bb377e1723ad0a3abddcb548","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["LAO 8.1; tr. D.C. Lau 19i2: 11 ; here tr. Karlgren 1975"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0057/blob/8f585085ff4ef2580eeb0f4376a763a62bcc7a95/KR5c0057_008.txt#L14-L27","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR5c0057/KR5c0057_008.txt","author":"Traditionally attributed to Laozi; composition and textual history are debated.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/laozi-008-0001/","notes":[{"id":"r068","passage":"laozi-008-0001","quote":"上善若水","focus":"若","start":0,"end":4,"focusStart":2,"topics":["comparison"],"translation":"The highest goodness is like water.","note":"若 links the evaluated quality to a comparison standard 水. The following clauses explain the likeness through benefiting, not contending, and occupying low places. The comparison is developed by the text rather than exhausted by one shared property.","question":"Is 若 conditional here?","answer":"No. It introduces a likeness to water.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"laozi-007-0001","next":"laozi-009-0001","nearby":[{"id":"laozi-008-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"上善若水，水善利萬物而不爭，處眾人之所惡。故幾於道，居善地，心善淵，與善仁。言善信，正善治，事善能，動善時。夫唯不爭，故無尤。","annotated":true}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0016","workTitle":"論語","text":"未若貧而樂道，富而好禮者也","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"},{"id":"xunzi-001-0001","workTitle":"荀子","text":"青、取之於藍而青於藍","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"},{"id":"hanfeizi-024-0006","workTitle":"韓非子","text":"非其身重於千鈞也，勢不便也","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"},{"id":"sunzi-005-0003","workTitle":"孫子","text":"奇正相生，如循環之無端，孰能窮之？","reason":"Identify a comparison and its standard"}],"knowledge":[{"id":"analogy-and-limits","title":"What an analogy proves—and what it leaves open"}],"connections":[{"id":"water-analogies","title":"Water: tendency or exemplary conduct?","label":"Shared image","reason":"The image selects different features: direction in one argument, benefit and non-contention in the other."}],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"萬物而不","id":"zhuangzi-006-0063","route":"/classical/passage/zhuangzi-006-0063/","workTitle":"莊子","chapterTitle":"大宗師第六","text":"吾師乎！吾師乎！𩐋萬物而不為義，澤及萬世而不為仁，長於上古而不為老，覆載天地刻彫眾形而不為巧，此所遊已。」","cross":true,"frequency":6},{"phrase":"萬物而不","id":"zhuangzi-013-0009","route":"/classical/passage/zhuangzi-013-0009/","workTitle":"莊子","chapterTitle":"天道第十三","text":"莊子曰：「吾師乎！吾師乎！𩐋萬物而不為戾，澤及萬世而不為仁，長於上古而不為壽，覆載天地刻彫眾形而不為巧，此之謂天樂。","cross":true,"frequency":6},{"phrase":"萬物而不","id":"zhuangzi-020-0053","route":"/classical/passage/zhuangzi-020-0053/","workTitle":"莊子","chapterTitle":"山木第二十","text":"仲尼曰：「化其萬物而不知其禪之者，焉知其所終？焉知其所始？正而待之而已耳。」","cross":true,"frequency":6}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/laozi-008-0001/","text":"上善若水，水善利萬物而不爭，處眾人之所惡。故幾於道，居善地，心善淵，與善仁。言善信，正善治，事善能，動善時。夫唯不爭，故無尤。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["上善若水 — The highest goodness is like water."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"老子 · 第八章 · 1","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR5c0057","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0057/blob/8f585085ff4ef2580eeb0f4376a763a62bcc7a95/KR5c0057_008.txt#L14-L27","source":{"line":14,"recordSha256":"35bca7de1e1526454842aa94f658b17f8b18c9cedb2658488ebe4779f9746151"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally attributed to Laozi; composition and textual history are debated.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0057","commit":"8f585085ff4ef2580eeb0f4376a763a62bcc7a95","file":"KR5c0057_008.txt","lineStart":14,"lineEnd":27,"fileSha256":"dd097dd7f1c5d6d78ad7344b749c625373cc2ac4bb377e1723ad0a3abddcb548","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["LAO 8.1; tr. D.C. Lau 19i2: 11 ; here tr. Karlgren 1975"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR5c0057/blob/8f585085ff4ef2580eeb0f4376a763a62bcc7a95/KR5c0057_008.txt#L14-L27","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR5c0057/KR5c0057_008.txt","author":"Traditionally attributed to Laozi; composition and textual history are debated.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r068","passage":"laozi-008-0001","quote":"上善若水","focus":"若","start":0,"end":4,"focusStart":2,"topics":["comparison"],"translation":"The highest goodness is like water.","note":"若 links the evaluated quality to a comparison standard 水. The following clauses explain the likeness through benefiting, not contending, and occupying low places. 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