{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0004","work":"hanfeizi","chapter":"hanfeizi-055","chapterTitle":"制分第五十五","chapterNumber":55,"ordinal":4,"text":"故治亂之理，宜務分刑賞為急，治國者莫不有法，然而有存有亡。亡者，其制刑賞不分也。治國者，其刑賞莫不有分。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005","commit":"55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332","file":"KR3c0005_055.txt","lineStart":46,"lineEnd":54,"fileSha256":"8ce886b93a83ffc3783d8467b3795f23468c1787232bcc142873bdae858ae6c9","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["HF 55.02:01; jiaoshi i31; jishi 1141; jiaozhu 719; shiping 1860"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_055.txt#L46-L54","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3c0005/KR3c0005_055.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-055-0004/","notes":[{"id":"r124","passage":"hanfeizi-055-0004","quote":"治國者莫不有法，然而有存有亡","focus":"莫不","start":14,"end":28,"focusStart":17,"topics":["zhe","negation","er"],"translation":"Those who govern states all have standards, yet some states survive and some perish.","note":"莫不 forms a universal affirmative through negation. 然而 then blocks the inference that merely possessing 法 ensures survival. The next sentence locates the proposed difference in the allocation of punishment and reward; the scope of the initial claim is therefore crucial.","question":"What inference does 然而 prevent?","answer":"That the mere existence of standards guarantees a state's survival.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"hanfeizi-055-0003","next":"hanfeizi-055-0005","nearby":[{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"夫凡國博君尊者，未嘗非法重而可以至乎令行禁止於天下者也。是以君人者分爵制祿，則法必嚴以重之。夫國治則民安，事亂則邦危。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"法重者得人情，禁輕者失事實。且夫死力者，民之所有者也，情莫不出其死力以致其所欲；而好惡者，上之所制也，民者好利祿而惡刑罰。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"上掌好惡以御民力，事實不宜失矣；然而禁輕事失者，刑賞失也。其治民不秉法為善也，如是，則是無法也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"故治亂之理，宜務分刑賞為急，治國者莫不有法，然而有存有亡。亡者，其制刑賞不分也。治國者，其刑賞莫不有分。","annotated":true},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"有持異以為分，不可謂分。至於察君之分，獨分也。是以其民重法而畏禁，願毋抵罪而不敢胥賞。故曰：不待刑賞而民從事矣。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"是故夫至治之國，善以止姦為務，是何也？其法通乎人情，關乎治理也。然則去微姦之道柰何？其務令之相規其情者也。則使相闚柰何？曰：蓋理相坐而已。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"禁尚有連於己者，理不得不相闚，惟恐不得免。有姦心者不令得忘，闚者多也。如此，則慎己而闚彼，發姦之密。告過者免罪受賞，失姦者必誅連刑。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"如此，則姦類發矣。姦不容細，私告任坐使然也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-055-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"夫治法之至明者，任數不任人。是以有術之國，不用譽則毋適，境內必治，任數也。亡國使兵公行乎其地，而弗能圉禁者，任人而無數也。","annotated":false}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0001","workTitle":"論語","text":"學而時習之","reason":"Read the relationship between clauses"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0002","workTitle":"論語","text":"未之有也","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0003","workTitle":"論語","text":"本立而道生","reason":"Read the relationship between clauses"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0016","workTitle":"論語","text":"未若貧而樂道，富而好禮者也","reason":"Name the one, thing, or situation"}],"knowledge":[],"connections":[{"id":"enforcement-needs-conditions","title":"Why having rules is not the whole argument","label":"Argument contrast","reason":"Sunzi places punishment within a sequence involving attachment and discipline. Hanfeizi distinguishes possessing standards from the arrangements that produce different outcomes. Both require reading beyond a slogan, though they propose different accounts of effective government."}],"phraseConnections":[],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-055-0004/","text":"故治亂之理，宜務分刑賞為急，治國者莫不有法，然而有存有亡。亡者，其制刑賞不分也。治國者，其刑賞莫不有分。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["治國者莫不有法，然而有存有亡 — Those who govern states all have standards, yet some states survive and some perish."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"韓非子 · 制分第五十五 · 4","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR3c0005","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_055.txt#L46-L54","source":{"line":46,"recordSha256":"a3496d6178aab291b97526c93aff1fff6581118d6fdbd4c1aa76a0cf427cd663"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005","commit":"55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332","file":"KR3c0005_055.txt","lineStart":46,"lineEnd":54,"fileSha256":"8ce886b93a83ffc3783d8467b3795f23468c1787232bcc142873bdae858ae6c9","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["HF 55.02:01; jiaoshi i31; jishi 1141; jiaozhu 719; shiping 1860"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_055.txt#L46-L54","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3c0005/KR3c0005_055.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r124","passage":"hanfeizi-055-0004","quote":"治國者莫不有法，然而有存有亡","focus":"莫不","start":14,"end":28,"focusStart":17,"topics":["zhe","negation","er"],"translation":"Those who govern states all have standards, yet some states survive and some perish.","note":"莫不 forms a universal affirmative through negation. 然而 then blocks the inference that merely possessing 法 ensures survival. The next sentence locates the proposed difference in the allocation of punishment and reward; the scope of the initial claim is therefore crucial.","question":"What inference does 然而 prevent?","answer":"That the mere existence of standards guarantees a state's survival.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}