{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0001","work":"hanfeizi","chapter":"hanfeizi-052","chapterTitle":"人主第五十二","chapterNumber":52,"ordinal":1,"text":"人主之所以身危國亡者，大臣太貴，左右太威也。所謂貴者，無法而擅行，操國柄而便私者也。所謂威者，擅權勢而輕重者也。此二者，不可不察也。","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005","commit":"55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332","file":"KR3c0005_052.txt","lineStart":14,"lineEnd":23,"fileSha256":"fb8aecce1e451b950581940fdbf1ae598000965e60bbe7493bceabb0dd14a8ef","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["HF 52.01:01; jiaoshi 787; jishi 1118; jiaozhu 705; shiping 1i22; Liao 2.318"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_052.txt#L14-L23","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3c0005/KR3c0005_052.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-052-0001/","notes":[],"previous":"hanfeizi-051-0025","next":"hanfeizi-052-0002","nearby":[{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"人主之所以身危國亡者，大臣太貴，左右太威也。所謂貴者，無法而擅行，操國柄而便私者也。所謂威者，擅權勢而輕重者也。此二者，不可不察也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"夫馬之所以能任重引車致遠道者，以筋力也。萬乘之主，千乘之君，所以制天下而征諸侯者，以其威勢也。威勢者，人主之筋力也。今大臣得威，左右擅勢，是人主失力；","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"人主失力而能有國者，千無一人。虎豹之所以能勝人執百獸者，以其爪牙也；當使虎豹失其爪牙，則人必制之矣。今勢重者，人主之爪牙也，君人而失其爪牙，虎豹之類也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"宋君失其爪牙於子罕，簡公失其爪牙於田常，而不蚤奪之，故身死國亡。今無術之主皆明知宋、簡之過也，而不悟其失，不察其事類者也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"且法術之士，與當途之臣不相容也。何以明之？主有術士，則大臣不得制斷，近習不敢賣重；大臣、左右權勢息，則人主之道明矣。今則不然，","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"其當途之臣得勢擅事以環其私，左右近習朋黨比周以制䟽遠，則法術之士奚時得進用，人主奚時得論裁？故有術不必用，而勢不兩立，法術之士焉得無危？","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"故君人者非能退大臣之議，而背左右之訟，獨合乎道言也，則法術之士安能蒙死亡之危而進說乎？此世之所以不治也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"明主者，推功而爵祿，稱能而官事，所舉者必有賢，所用者必有能，賢能之士進，則私門之請止矣。夫有功者受重祿，有能者處大官，則私劍之士安得無離於私勇而疾距敵，","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-052-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"游宦之士焉得無撓於私門而務於清潔矣？此所以聚賢能之士，而散私門之屬也。今近習者不必智，人主之於人也或有所知而聽之，入因與近習論其言，聽近習而不計其智，是與愚論智也。","annotated":false}],"related":[],"knowledge":[],"connections":[],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"主之所以","id":"xunzi-008-0075","route":"/classical/passage/xunzi-008-0075/","workTitle":"荀子","chapterTitle":"儒效篇第八","text":"夫士也，眾人者、工農商賈也。禮者、人主之所以為群臣寸尺尋丈檢式也，人倫盡矣。","cross":true,"frequency":13},{"phrase":"主之所以","id":"xunzi-011-0018","route":"/classical/passage/xunzi-011-0018/","workTitle":"荀子","chapterTitle":"王霸篇第十一","text":"三者、明主之所以謹擇也，而仁人之所以務白也。善擇者制人，不善擇者人制之。","cross":true,"frequency":13},{"phrase":"主之所以","id":"xunzi-011-0021","route":"/classical/passage/xunzi-011-0021/","workTitle":"荀子","chapterTitle":"王霸篇第十一","text":"三者、明主之所以謹擇也，而仁人之所以務白也。","cross":true,"frequency":13}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-052-0001/","text":"人主之所以身危國亡者，大臣太貴，左右太威也。所謂貴者，無法而擅行，操國柄而便私者也。所謂威者，擅權勢而輕重者也。此二者，不可不察也。","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["Unannotated source passage. 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