{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0004","work":"hanfeizi","chapter":"hanfeizi-020","chapterTitle":"解老第二十","chapterNumber":20,"ordinal":4,"text":"德則無德，不德則有德。故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005","commit":"55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332","file":"KR3c0005_020.txt","lineStart":49,"lineEnd":53,"fileSha256":"09f8d7cd50a6c009d4ed2fa1582787884479f1cce0d3ffd03a0dc7526f1db54b","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["HF 20.01:04; jishi 326; jiaoshi 721; jiaozhu 1i2; shiping 596"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_020.txt#L49-L53","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3c0005/KR3c0005_020.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-020-0004/","notes":[{"id":"r117","passage":"hanfeizi-020-0004","quote":"故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」","focus":"故曰","start":11,"end":26,"focusStart":11,"topics":["gu","negation"],"translation":"Thus it says: the highest virtue does not make a display of virtue, and therefore has virtue.","note":"故曰 explicitly introduces a cited formulation also present in Laozi 38. The compact repeated 德 permits different interpretations; this reading aid follows the surrounding concern with outward fixation and should be checked against the chapter's explanation. The quotation is stronger evidence of a textual relation than a shared keyword alone.","question":"What marks this as a quotation within an argument?","answer":"故曰 followed by the quoted wording.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"previous":"hanfeizi-020-0003","next":"hanfeizi-020-0005","nearby":[{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0001","ordinal":1,"text":"德者，內也；得者，外也。「上德不德」，言其神不淫於外也。神不淫於外則身全，","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0002","ordinal":2,"text":"身全之謂德。德者，得身也。凡德者，以無為集，以無欲成；以不思安，以不用固。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0003","ordinal":3,"text":"為之欲之，則德無舍；德無舍則不全。用之思之則不固，不固則無功，無功則生於德。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0004","ordinal":4,"text":"德則無德，不德則有德。故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」","annotated":true},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0005","ordinal":5,"text":"所以貴無為無思為虛者，謂其意無所制也。夫無術者，〓#夫@fú故以無為無思為虛也。夫故以無為無思為虛者，其意常不忘虛，是制於為虛也。","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0006","ordinal":6,"text":"虛者，謂其意無所制也。今制於為虛，是不虛也。虛者之無為也，不以無為為有常。不以無為為有常，則虛；","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0007","ordinal":7,"text":"虛，則德盛；德盛之謂上德。故曰：「上德無為而無不為也。」","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0008","ordinal":8,"text":"仁者，謂其中心欣然愛人也；其喜人之有福，而惡人之有禍也；生心之所不能已也，非求其報也。故曰：「上仁為之而無以為也。」","annotated":false},{"id":"hanfeizi-020-0009","ordinal":9,"text":"義者，君臣上下之事，父子貴賤之差也，知交朋友之接也，親踈內外之分也。臣事君宜，下懷上宜，子事父宜，賤敬貴宜，知交友朋之相助也宜，親者內而踈者外宜。","annotated":false}],"related":[{"id":"lunyu-001-0002","workTitle":"論語","text":"未之有也","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-001-0018","workTitle":"論語","text":"不患人之不己知","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-002-0010","workTitle":"論語","text":"回也不愚","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"},{"id":"lunyu-002-0013","workTitle":"論語","text":"君子不器","reason":"Keep different negatives apart"}],"knowledge":[],"connections":[{"id":"hanfeizi-quotes-laozi-38","title":"A quotation and its interpretive setting","label":"Explicit textual citation","reason":"Hanfeizi introduces this wording with 故曰; the same wording appears in the pinned Laozi 38. That explicit framing supports a textual connection. Read the surrounding commentary to see what Hanfeizi makes of it; the match does not establish the whole history or direction of transmission of these witnesses."}],"phraseConnections":[{"phrase":"是以有德","id":"laozi-038-0001","route":"/classical/passage/laozi-038-0001/","workTitle":"老子","chapterTitle":"第三十八章","text":"上德不德，是以有德；下德不失德，是以無德。上德無為而無以為；下德為之而有以為。上仁為之而無以為，上義為","cross":true,"frequency":2},{"phrase":"上德不德","id":"hanfeizi-020-0001","route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-020-0001/","workTitle":"韓非子","chapterTitle":"解老第二十","text":"德者，內也；得者，外也。「上德不德」，言其神不淫於外也。神不淫於外則身全，","cross":false,"frequency":3}],"studyRecord":{"route":"/classical/passage/hanfeizi-020-0004/","text":"德則無德，不德則有德。故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」","kind":"passage","script":"Hant","definitions":["故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」 — Thus it says: the highest virtue does not make a display of virtue, and therefore has virtue."],"mandarin":"","cantonese":[],"characters":[],"edition":"韓非子 · 解老第二十 · 4","dataset":"Kanseki Repository · KR3c0005","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_020.txt#L49-L53","source":{"line":49,"recordSha256":"c450f3029aa4ba96a9f0e506352b16b316f4e1d3ed1f4fcbcf466416e7bf2176"},"classical":{"author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","source":{"repository":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005","commit":"55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332","file":"KR3c0005_020.txt","lineStart":49,"lineEnd":53,"fileSha256":"09f8d7cd50a6c009d4ed2fa1582787884479f1cce0d3ffd03a0dc7526f1db54b","edition":"tls","sourceLabels":["HF 20.01:04; jishi 326; jiaoshi 721; jiaozhu 1i2; shiping 596"],"sourceUrl":"https://github.com/kanripo/KR3c0005/blob/55418cf95c05d3bcc35e26bb568cf0a8da957332/KR3c0005_020.txt#L49-L53","rawUrl":"/data/classical-0.12.0/sources/KR3c0005/KR3c0005_020.txt","author":"Traditionally associated with Han Fei; authorship of individual chapters is not uniform or certain.","contributor":"Kanseki Repository (Kanripo) contributors; upstream base-edition labels retained in each original file.","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"notes":[{"id":"r117","passage":"hanfeizi-020-0004","quote":"故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」","focus":"故曰","start":11,"end":26,"focusStart":11,"topics":["gu","negation"],"translation":"Thus it says: the highest virtue does not make a display of virtue, and therefore has virtue.","note":"故曰 explicitly introduces a cited formulation also present in Laozi 38. The compact repeated 德 permits different interpretations; this reading aid follows the surrounding concern with outward fixation and should be checked against the chapter's explanation. The quotation is stronger evidence of a textual relation than a shared keyword alone.","question":"What marks this as a quotation within an argument?","answer":"故曰 followed by the quoted wording.","attribution":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"}}],"editorial":{"author":"zimai · AI-assisted editorial notes","status":"Editorial pilot · not independently reviewed","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","revision":"0.12.0"},"interpretationScope":"English is provided only for the quoted teaching excerpt; source passage remains unchanged."}}}